浙江东白山木荷-马尾松林优势种群的生态位特征研究  

The Niche of Dominant Populations of Schima superba-Pinus massoniana in Dongbaishan Provincial Nature Reserve

作　　者：王云泉[1] 孟杰 杨海炳 袁蔡燕 金航标 刘晓彤 田磊[1] 仲磊[5] 李铭红[4] 陈建华[1] WANG Yun-quan;MENG Jie;YANG Hai-bing;YUAN Cai-yan;JIN Hang-biao;LIU Xiao-tong;TIAN Lei;ZHONG Lei;LI Ming-hong;CHEN Jian-hua(College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Zhuji Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Zhejiang,Zhuji 311800,China;Wetland Ecology Research Institute of Baita Lake of Zhejiang,Zhuji 311800,China;College of Xingzhi,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321000,China;College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学生命科学学院,浙江金华321004 [2]诸暨市自然资源和规划局,浙江诸暨311800 [3]诸暨市白塔湖湿地生态研究所,浙江诸暨311800 [4]浙江师范大学行知学院,浙江金华321000 [5]浙江大学生命科学学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2023年第3期1-7,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省财政厅、浙江省环保厅资助项目《浙江省生态环境十年变化(2000—2010)遥感调查与评估》。

摘　　要：为了解群落内物种的生态位宽度和重叠以及群落结构,利用固定样地调查数据,以20 m×20 m为基本测树单元,用物种重要值等作为基础指标,对东白山省级自然保护区1 hm^(2)木荷Schima superba-马尾松Pinus massoniana林样地内胸径≥1 cm的木本植物进行统计,应用Levins生态位宽度和生态位重叠公式对群落内15个优势物种进行生态位宽度和生态位重叠计算。结果表明:(1)根据树种的重要值信息,木荷和马尾松在群落中占有显著优势,为该群落的主要建群种。(2)群落中木荷的生态位宽度明显大于其它物种,在维护群落结构和功能、创造群落内部环境等生态功能方面起到了决定作用,在资源轴上占据主要的生态位置,同时,马尾松、柯Lithocarpus glaber等主要优势乔木种群的生态宽度也较大,而檵木Loropetalum chinense、山槐Albizia kalkora等种群的生态位宽度较小,反映出它们在资源位中的生态适应范围较窄,对环境资源的利用能力较弱。(3)从生态位相似性比例来看,群落中各优势种对资源的利用相似程度较大,生态位相似性比例在0.6以上的有5对树种(占4.76%),在0.5以上的有12对树种(占11.47%),在0.2以上的有56对树种(占53.33%)。(4)不同优势物种种群之间均有不同程度的生态位重叠,其中主要优势种之间的生态位重叠要明显高于其他物种。以上研究结果有助于进一步认识东白山木荷-马尾松林优势种群的现状,为本地区地带性植被的恢复重建、有效保护和科学管理提供参考依据。From November 2012 to May 2013,one 1-hm^(2) permanent monitoring forest plot was established at a Schima superba and Pinus massoniana forest in Zhuji Dongbaishan Provincial Nature Reserve,Zhejiang province for long-term investigation on species diversity.Analysis was made on niche breadth and overlap of the top 15 dominant species in the plot by using Levins niche breadth as well as Levins niche overlap formula.The results showed that the important value of S.superba and P.massoniana showed dominant position in the community,indicating that they were the constructive species in the community.The niche breadth of S.superba was significantly larger than that of the others,resulting that S.superba played decisive roles in maintaining the community structure and function as well as creating microenvironment within the community,and it occupied the main ecological position on the resource axis.The niche breadth of P.massoniana,Lithocarpus glaber and Castanopsis sclerophylla was relative larger,while that of Loropetalum chinense and Albizia kalkora was relatively smaller.This indicated that these species had narrow ecological adaptability in resource,and their ability to use environmental resources were relative weak.There were 5 pairs of tree species(4.76%)with niche similarity ratio above 0.6,12 pairs of tree species(11.47%)with niche similarity ratio above 0.5,and 56 pairs of tree species(53.33%)with niche similarity ratio above 0.2.There were different degrees of niche overlap among different dominant species,and the niche overlap among the main dominant species was significantly higher than that of other species.This study will give ecologist new insights into further understanding the actuality of Dongbaishan forest,and provide reference for restoration,reconstruction,conservation as well as management of zonal vegetation in this area.

关 键 词：东白山省级自然保护区 木荷-马尾松林 优势种群 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]