像山那样思考 大舍建筑金山岭上院评述  

Thinking Like a Mountain Golden Mountain Upper Cloister by Atelier Deshaus

作　　者：吴洪德 WU Hongde

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学设计学院

出　　处：《时代建筑》2023年第1期106-117,共12页Time + Architecture

摘　　要：大舍建筑于2022年完成了位于承德市的金山岭上院一一所用于冥想的精神性场所。从择址、总体布局到空间类型选择,这件作品都体现了对多种先例的批判性借鉴,比如五台山佛光寺、法国多宏内修道院、日本慈光院庭园等,这些来自多文化的先例提供了山与建筑的不同形势关系,以及宁静虚空的冥想氛围的参照。与野俊明的合作也为处理建筑和景观、材料的关系提供了机会。文章从“院”“台”“殿”的空间主题出发,借助神经现象学家安托万·卢茨对冥想的三种状态的界定,即集中注意力、非指涉同情、开放性存在,对建筑空间展开分析,讨论了三处不同的主题场所如何形成整体性的冥想氛围,从而启发了使用者自我认识的觉醒。Atelier Deshaus'recent project,Golden Mountain Upper Cloister,is a go-to place dedicated to Zen meditation.From site selection and master planning to typological treatment,the architect refers to well-known precedents from different cultural backgrounds in a critical manner:the Foguang Temple on Mount Wutai in China,L'abbaye du Thoronet in France,and the Jiko-in Temple in Japan,etc.These places of worship are solid references in terms of typographic strategies between buildings and the mountains they are located,as well as the atmosphere of"serene emptiness."The architect's cooperation with Shunmyo Masuno also creates an opportunity for rethinking the relations between architecture,landscapes,and materiality.This essay tries to develop a cross-reading between the three architectural types of courtyard,terrace,and Chinese Buddhist hall by referring to the three states of meditation defined by Antoine Lutz,a scientist in neurophenomenology:focusedattention,nonreferential compassion,and open presence.The author discusses how these correlations help to create a holistic atmosphere for mediation,which awakes the svabhava or self-becoming of the visitors.

关 键 词：冥想空间 跨文化转译 空间类型 主体与自性 结构与废墟 

分 类 号：TU-86(222)[艺术—艺术设计] TU252[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]