对标达标:标准化建设的理论转向、机制构建与政策展望  

Standard-Benchmarking:Theoretical Turn,Mechanism Construction and Policy Prospect of Standardization

作　　者：燕艳华 席兴军[1] 张晓芳[1] 初侨[1] Yan Yanhua;Xi Xingjun;Zhang Xiaofang;Chu Qiao(School of Agricultural and Food Standardization,China National Institute of Standardization,Beijing 100191,China;School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国标准化研究院农业食品标准化研究所,北京100191 [2]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2023年第6期162-169,共8页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“国家标准化发展战略研究”(2019-ZD-26)。

摘　　要：企业标准与国际标准、国外先进标准之间的差异是激发企业制订和实施标准主动性的动力。针对我国标准化转型过程中政府与市场关系协调优化问题,以我国“百城千业万企对标达标提升专项行动”为例,基于全国对标达标信息服务平台的数据,梳理不同主体、不同规模企业、不同产业参与对标达标活动的情况,系统分析我国标准化建设的理论转向,探索对标达标的市场化路径与机制构建,并通过走访调研3家典型代表企业,验证对标达标对产业高质量发展的推动作用。研究发现,对标达标通过标准化主体关系的结构性调整、标准化服务范围的整体性覆盖、国内与国际标准的衔接畅通等3个方面强化市场在标准化资源配置中的决定性作用;为此建构以国际市场为导向、先进标准为对象、市场主体为核心、多主体协同参与为保障、持续学习与创新为方法的质量标准提升机制,并提出构建协同参与的治理格局、优化政府与市场的主体关系、因地制宜开展标准质量提升等对策建议。The difference,between enterprise standards and international standards,advanced foreign standards,is the driving force for enterprises to implement standards proactively.In view of the optimization of the relationship between the government and the market in the process of China's standardization transformation,taking “Special Action to Improve the standard-benchmarking of Hundred Cities,Thousand Industries,and Ten Thousand Enterprises” as an example,and basing on data from the national standard-benchmarking information service platform,this paper sorts out the participation situation of different entities,different scales' enterprises,and industries in standardbenchmarking activities,and systematically analyzes the theoretical shift of China's standardization construction,and explores the market-oriented path and mechanism construction for standard-benchmarking,and verifies the effect of benchmarking and meeting standards on the high-quality development of the industry by visiting and researching three typical representative enterprises.It is found that standard-benchmarking is strengthening the decisive role of the market in standard resource allocation,which concludes relationship structural adjustment of standardization organizations,the integrity of standardized service coverage,the domestic and international standards uniformity.It also constructs a quality standard improvement mechanism guided by the international market,with advanced standards as the object,market entities as the core,multi-agent collaborative participation as the guarantee,and continuous learning and innovation as the method,and proposes strategies and suggestions to build a governance pattern of collaborative participation,optimize the relationship between the government and the market,and carry out standard quality improvement according to local conditions.

关 键 词：对标达标 标准化 先进标准 企业标准 国际标准 高质量 中国 

分 类 号：G306[文化科学] F203[经济管理—国民经济] G301