2019-2021年河南省洛阳市0~79岁健康人群百日咳血清流行病学调查  

A seroepidemiological survey of pertussis among 0-79-year-old healthy population in Luoyang city,Henan province,2019-2021

作　　者：杨闪[1] 田鹏[1] 刘建明 杨亚宁 刘倩[2] YANG Shan;TIAN Peng;LIU Jianming;YANG Yaning;LIU Qian(Luoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Luoyang,Henan 471023,China;Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]洛阳市疾病预防控制中心,河南洛阳471023 [2]河南省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2023年第4期265-268,共4页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的 了解洛阳市0~79岁健康人群百日咳血清流行病学特征,评估人群百日咳的感染状况。方法 2019-2021年采取多阶段分层随机抽样的方法抽取调查对象,采用酶联免疫吸附试验定量检测血清标本中百日咳杆菌毒素IgG(PT-IgG)。结果 1 838名调查对象PT-IgG阳性率为9.36%(95%CI:8.03%~10.69%),抗体几何平均浓度(GMC)为4.53(95%CI:4.34~4.71)IU/mL。各年龄组PT-IgG阳性率在4.47%~31.37%,GMC在3.21~11.71 IU/mL。<15岁且完成全程免疫的人群,末次接种后1~2年PT-IgG抗体阳性率和GMC降至最低,分别为4.21%(95%CI:1.33%~7.09%)和3.22(95%CI:2.93~3.61)IU/mL。5岁以上人群百日咳估计感染率为4 417.45/10万(95%CI:2 563.16/10万~7 048.68/10万),其中15~19岁组估计感染率最高为13 921.56/10万(95%CI:5 660.31/10万~28 087.94/10万)。结论 洛阳市5~79岁健康人群百日咳感染率高,现有监测系统可能低估了百日咳的实际感染水平;百日咳疫苗诱导的抗体不持久,人群抗体水平较低。建议加强百日咳监测工作,完善百日咳免疫策略。Objective To understand the seroepidemiological characteristics of pertussis among O-79-year-old healthy population in Luoyang city,and assess the prevalence of pertussis.Methods The multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select the subjects during 2019-2021,and the pertussis toxin immunoglobulin G antibody(PT-IgG)levels were measured quantitatively by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Of the 1838 study subjects,the positive rate of PT-IgG was 9.36%(95%CI:8.03%~10.69%),and the geometric mean concentrations(GMC)was 4.53(95%CI:4.34-4.71)IU/mL.The positive rates of PT-IgG by age groups ranged from 4.47%to 31.37%,and CMCs ranged from 3.21 IU/mL to 11.71 IU/mL.Among children<15-year-old who had completed the full course of immunization,the positive rate of PT-IgG and GMC decreased to the lowest at 1 to 2 years after the last immunization,4.21%(95%CI:1.33%-7.09%)and 3.22(95%CI:2.93-3.61)IU/mL,respectively.The estimated infection rate of pertussis was 4417.45/105 in the group over 5-year-olds(95%Cl:2563.16/105-7048.68/105),and it reached the highest in 15-19-year-old group(13921.56/105,95%CI:5660.31/105-28087.94/105).Conclusions The infection rate is high among 5-79-year-old healthy population in Luoyang city.Existing surveillance systems may underestimate the actual infection level of pertussis;the antibody levels of pertussis are low,and the vaccine-induced antibodies are not durable.It is recommended to strengthen pertussis surveillance and improve pertussis immunization strategies.

关 键 词：百日咳 抗体水平 感染状况 健康人群 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R516.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]