金佛山方竹营养需求特性及配方施肥模型构建  

The model of nutrient requirement characteristics and formulated fertilization to Chimonobambusa utilis

作　　者：李川 王玉书 黄小辉[2] LI Chuan;WANG Yushu;HUANG Xiaohui(Chongqing Banan District Forestry Administration,Banan 401320,Chongqing,China;Chongqing Academy of Forestry,Shapingba 400036,Chongqing,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市巴南区林业局,重庆巴南401320 [2]重庆市林业科学研究院,重庆沙坪坝400036

出　　处：《福建林业》2023年第2期37-41,共5页Fujian Forestry

摘　　要：以金佛山方竹林土壤营养状况和营养分配规律为基础,建立配方施肥数学模型,并研制适合方竹生产的专用肥。结果表明:金佛山方竹林地土壤各类主要营养元素总量以N含量最高,其次是K,P相对较低,而有效养分同样以碱解N含量最高,其次是速效K,有效P最低,竹林土壤能够提供有效N、P、K的最大养分量分别为350.4 kg·hm^(-2)、15.8 kg·hm^(-2)、216.3 kg·hm^(-2);金佛山方竹试验林的树体营养元素总贮量为55.82 g·株-1,各器官营养元素贮存量的大小顺序为:秆(25.62 g·株-1)>叶(10.82 g·株-1)>枝(10.51 g·株-1)>笋(8.88 g·株-1);整个树体各营养元素积累和分配大小排列顺序为:N>K>P>Mg>Ca>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu,其中竹叶、枝、秆中各养分贮量从大到小排列均为:N>K>P>Mg>Ca>Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu,竹笋中各养分贮量大小顺序为N>K>P>Mg>Ca>Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu;根据金佛山方竹的“3414”施肥试验处理,得出第2水平的产量最高,为20920.1 kg·hm^(-2),得到三元二次肥料效应方程为:Y=3307.7+0.35X_(1)+24.28X_(2)+31.56X_(3)-0.01X_(1)^(2)-0.13X_(2)^(2)-0.05X_(3)^(2)+0.05X_(1)X_(2)+0.04X_(1)X_(3)-0.06X_(2)X_(3),拟合度较高,可作为金佛山方竹林施肥的指导模型。The formulated fertilization mathematic model was built based on the soil nutrition status and the nutrition distribution requirement of Chimonobambusa utilis.The result showed that the nitrogen element was the highest in C.utilis land,potassium was the second,phosphorus relatively low.In available nutrients,Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen was the highest,then available potassium,the last was available phosphorus.The highest content of available nitrogen,potassium,and phosphorus respectively was 350.4 kg·hm^(-2),15.8 kg·hm^(-2),216.3 kg·hm^(-2).The total nutrition element of tree body was 55.82 g each.In each tree organ,the nutrition elements in stem(25.62 g)is higher than in leaves(10.82 g),and in branches are higher than in shoots.The order of accumulation and distribution of nutrition elements in the tree body is NKPMgCaFeMnZnCu.In the leaves,branches,and stem,the order is NKPMgCaMnFeZnCu.In the shoots the order is NKPMgCaMnFeZnCu.According to the“3414”experimental fertilization treatment,the highest production is the second treatment,with 20920.1 kg·hm^(-2),and the fertilization effect equation with high fitting degree is Y=3307.7+0.35X_(1)+24.28X_(2)+31.56X_(3)-0.01X_(1)^(2)-0.13X_(2)^(2)-0.05X_(3)^(2)+0.05X_(1)X_(2)+0.04X_(1)X_(3)-0.06X_(2)X_(3),which can give a suggestion to C.utilis fertilization.

关 键 词：金佛山方竹 营养需求特性 配方施肥 三元二次回归模型 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]