博弈与发展:“废医派”留日医学生与中医近代化研究  

Game and Development:Research on the"Abolition School"of Medical Students Studying in Japan and the Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Early Republic of China

作　　者：胡振宇 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《历史教学（下半月）》2023年第4期26-35,共10页History Teaching

摘　　要：20世纪初,受“西医东渐”思想的影响,以余云岫为首的“废医派”错误地认为中医的存在阻碍了中国近代化,因而对中医进行了系统批判,主张废止中医。面对余云岫等人的咄咄逼人之势,中医人士为维护自身利益,更为捍卫中国传统医学,一方面围绕中医是否具有科学性、是否应被加入教育系统以及是否应被废除等问题积极与“废医派”进行辩论,阐明了中医存在的合理性;另一方面又在论争中进行深刻自我反省,通过汲取西医之长,对中医部分缺陷进行了相应改正,从而在某种程度上促进了中医的近代化。这段时期中西医间的数次论战展现了近代中国转型时期中西异质文明在医学层面的碰撞、融合与发展。At the beginning of the Republic of China,influenced by the idea of"Western medicine growing in the east",the school of"Abolishing Medicine"headed by Yu Yunxiu mistakenly believed that the existence of Chinese medicine hindered the modernization of China,so it systematically criticized Chinese medicine and advocated"abolishing"Chinese medicine.Faced with the aggressive trend of Yu Yunxiu and others,Chinese medicine practitioners,in order to safeguard their own interests and defend China's traditional medicine,on the one hand,actively debated with the"Abolitionist School"about whether Chinese medicine is scientific,whether it should be added to the education system and whether it should be abolished,and clarified the rationality of the existence of Chinese medicine;On the other hand,he made a profound self-reflection in the debate,and corrected some defects of traditional Chinese medicine by drawing on the strengths of western medicine,thus promoting the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine to some extent.The several debates between Chinese and Western doctors in the early Republican period demonstrated the collision,integration and development of heterogeneous Chinese and Western civilizations in medicine during the transition period of modern China.

关 键 词：留日医学生 中西医论争 文化碰撞 近代化 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]