中国出境旅游安全事件集群:空间分异及组态致因  

China's outbound tourism safety incidents cluster:Spatial differentiation and configuration causes

作　　者：谢朝武[1,2] 赖菲菲 黄锐 席建超 XIE Chaowu;LAI Feifei;HUANG Rui;XI Jianchao(College of Tourism,Huaqiao University,Quanzhou 362021,Fujian,China;Center for Tourism Safety&Security Research of China Tourism Academy,Quanzhou 362021,Fujian,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学旅游学院,泉州362021 [2]中国旅游研究院旅游安全研究基地,泉州362021 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理研究》2023年第5期1177-1199,共23页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971182)。

摘　　要：本文将出境旅游安全事件研究从个体视角推进到集群视角。基于2015—2019年17746起中国出境旅游安全事件,研究首先采用最邻近点指数识别中国出境旅游安全事件集群,并在此基础上利用多样性指数、熵值法、空间自相关等方法分别测度和剖析中国出境旅游安全事件集群的结构类型、规模压力及其空间分布特征,同时借助模糊集定性比较分析法(fsQCA)探讨集群产生的复杂组态致因。研究发现:①2015—2019年全球共60个目的地存在中国出境旅游安全事件集群,集群内部类型结构复杂、外部规模压力形势较为严峻。②中国出境旅游安全事件集群多样性和规模压力均存在空间相关性和非均衡分布特征,东南亚地区旅游安全事件集群的内部结构类型与规模压力强度更为突出。③中国出境旅游安全事件集群多样性和规模压力的区域异质性是DPSBR多重风险因素差异化耦合作用的结果。其中,高产业发展现状(S)、高游客行为强度(B)和低基础环境驱动(D)是导致各区域事件集群内部结构呈现高度复杂化的主要原因;高产业发展现状(S)和高游客行为强度(B)是导致高外部规模压力的主要原因。随时间推移,高安全风险压力(P)成为各区域形成高集群多样性和高规模压力的关键。With the expansion of the scale of China's outbound tourism safety incidents,the pattern of incidents is showing the characteristics of the cluster.Therefore,it is of great significance to identify China's outbound tourism safety incidents cluster and analyze their influencing factors.This study aims to identify the internal and external structural characteristics,spatial distribution,and contributing factors of China's outbound tourism safety incidents cluster.First,based on the 17746 safety incidents of China's outbound tourism from 2015 to 2019,this study uses the nearest neighbor index to identify China's outbound tourism safety incidents cluster.On this basis,using methods of diversity index,entropy,and spatial autocorrelation to measure and analyze the structure type,scale pressure,and spatial distribution characteristics of China's outbound tourism safety incidents cluster.At the same time,we use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)to discuss the causes of the complex configuration of a cluster.The findings are as follows:(1)A total of 60 destinations in the world have experienced clustered China's outbound tourism safety incidents from 2015 to 2019.Its type structure presents complex characteristics,including five incident categories and 38 incident subcategories,such as accident disaster,natural disaster,public health,social security,and business safety.Moreover,there are multiple consequences,such as personal injury,death,disappearance,detention,and property loss.The external pressure situation is serious.(2)The diversity and scale pressure of China's outbound tourism safety incidents cluster have obvious spatial correlation and unbalanced distribution characteristics.The internal structure type and scale pressure intensity of the tourism safety incidents cluster in Southeast Asia are more prominent.(3)The regional heterogeneity of diversity and scale pressure of China's outbound tourism safety incidents cluster is the result of the differential coupling of multiple risk factors of DPSBR.Am

关 键 词：中国出境旅游 旅游安全事件 集群 DPSBR模型 引致因素 fsQCA 

分 类 号：X959[环境科学与工程—安全科学] F592[经济管理—旅游管理] F125[经济管理—产业经济]