“双碳”目标实现的国家环境义务回应  

National Environmental Obligation Response to Achieve the Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals

作　　者：王浩名 Wang Haoming(School of Economic Law,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学经济法学院,上海200042

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2023年第3期34-45,共12页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2015年国家社科基金重大项目“中国能源革命法律制度创新”(项目编号:15ZDB179)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“双碳”目标下环境义务体系的构建应以国家环境义务为基础。在面向“双碳”目标的国家环境义务证成的路径选择上,基于国家义务内涵为基础的研究面临逻辑困局,宪法环境条款展开的论证也存在内涵局限的问题,只有以国家任务现实需要而归纳出的现状保持、危险防御、风险预防等三个层次的环境义务展开,才可能与面向“双碳”目标的国家环境义务的研究进路相契合。其中,风险预防的国家环境义务与“双碳”目标在三个维度,即风险特征与碳排放后果、预防本质与减碳减排机理、义务履行与“双碳”目标进路的契合,决定了应将国家环境风险预防义务作为回应“双碳”目标实现的国家环境义务的核心。对于国家环境风险预防义务的落实,应将碳排放管理和可再生能源发展作为义务落实的主要领域,并通过立法、执法、司法的完善为义务的落实提供必要的制度支持。The construction of environmental obligation system under the goal of“double carbon”should be based on the national environmental obligations.In the choice of the path to prove the state environmental obligation for the“double carbon”target,the research based on the connotation of the state obligation faces a logical dilemma,and the argument based on the constitutional environmental clause also has the problem of connotation limitation.Only the three levels of environmental obligation,such as the status quo maintenance,danger prevention,and risk precaution,which are summarized by the realistic needs of the state task,are compatible with the research path of the state environmental obligation for the“double carbon”target.Among them,the national environmental obligation of risk prevention fits in with the“double carbon”goal in three dimensions of the risk characteristics and the carbon emission consequences,the prevention nature and the carbon reduction mechanism,and the obligation performance and the“double carbon”target approach,determines that the national environmental obligation of risk prevention should be at the heart of national environmental obligations as the response to the the achievement of“double carbon”goal.For the implementation of the national environmental risk prevention obligation,carbon emission management and renewable energy development should be the main areas of implementation,and the necessary institutional support should be provided for the implementation of the obligation through the improvement of legislation,law enforcement,and judicial system.

关 键 词：“双碳”目标 义务体系 国家环境义务 风险预防 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]