制样方法及样本来源对8种山茶属植物花粉形态的影响研究  

Pollen morphological study on 8 Camellia species using different methods and samples

作　　者：吴垠 杨耐英[2] 宋垚[3] 李湘鹏 郭卫珍[3] 张永春[1] 张亚利 Wu Yin;Yang Naiying;Song Yao;Li Xiangpeng;Guo Weizhen;Zhang Yongchun;Zhang Yali(Forestry&Fruit Tree Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200231,China;Shanghai Botanical Garden,Shanghai 200231,China;Hu′nan Forestry Botanical Garden,Changsha Hu′nan 410116,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院·林木果树研究所,上海201403 [2]上海师范大学,上海200231 [3]上海植物园,上海200231 [4]湖南省森林植物园,湖南长沙410116

出　　处：《南方林业科学》2023年第2期1-4,28,共5页South China Forestry Science

基　　金：上海市花卉产业技术体系建设(沪农科产字〔2022〕第8号);国家自然科学基金青年基金(项目编号:31500578)。

摘　　要：以山茶属连蕊茶组(Camellia Sect.Theopsis)和毛蕊茶组(Camellia Sect.Eriandria)的8种植物的花粉为研究对象,探讨不同制备方法和不同样本来源对花粉形态的影响。采用硅胶干燥和硅胶干燥+丙酮漂洗两种制备方法,在场发式扫描电子显微镜下观察花粉的大小及外壁纹饰等形态特征并拍照。结果表明:以硅胶干燥法为基准,丙酮漂洗后的花粉大小主要呈现极轴(P)变小、赤道轴(E)变大或变小、极轴/赤道轴(P/E)变大或变小5种情况,其中E值相对稳定;不同处理方法对花粉外壁纹饰的孔(穴)结构和疏密程度产生影响,丙酮处理后的外壁纹饰更加清晰和便于描述,可以从孔穴结构的有无、孔穴以外花粉表面的雕纹类型两个层面来进行两组植物的花粉外壁纹饰的分类和描述。栽培环境和原生境条件下采集样本的花粉外壁纹饰没有差异,但对花粉大小均产生影响,2种供试植物的迁地栽培样本花粉P值均显著高于原生境样本。可见采用硅胶干燥+丙酮漂洗的制备方法更有利于清晰地呈现和描述花粉外壁纹饰,不同制备方法及样本来源对花粉的大小会产生一定的影响,花粉外壁纹饰相对稳定。The pollen of 8 species of Camellia Sect.Theopsis and Camellia Sect.Eriandria were treated,so as to analyze pollen morphology variation and characters under different methods and samples.Using silica gel drying method and silica gel drying with acetone rinsing method,pollen morphological characters were observed and photographed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Taking the silica gel drying method as the benchmark,there were mainly five variations trends:the polar axis(P)became shorter,the equatorial axis(E)became longer or shorter,the polar axis/equatorial axis(P/E)became larger or smaller compared with silica gel drying+acetone rinsing preparation method.Acetone treatment was more conducive to describe the pollen exine sculpture,and the exine sculpture type can be classified or described according to presence of the hole(cave)and the sculpture elements of the pollen surface outside the hole(cave).The pollen exine sculpture has no substantial changes between samples from Ex-situ cultivation and original habitat materials,while the pollen size of the same species are varied,the polar axis of Ex situ cultivated samples are significantly larger than original habitat collected samples.The pollen exine sculpture was more clear and easier to described under silica gel drying with acetone rinsing.Different preparation methods and sample sources will have a certain impact on the size of pollen,and the pollen exine sculpture is relatively stable.

关 键 词：观赏园艺 连蕊茶组 毛蕊茶组 花粉 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种] Q949.758.4[农业科学—林学] Q13[生物学—植物学]