集群无人机载雷达阵列波束合成  

Beamforming for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Swarm Based Radar Array

作　　者：郑纪彬[1] 杨志伟[1] 杨洋[1] 刘宏伟[1] 张田仓[2] 杨娟 ZHENG Jibin;YANG Zhiwei;YANG Yang;LIU Hongwei;ZHANG Tiancang;YANG Juan(National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing,Xidian University,Xi’an 710071,China;The 20th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,Xi’an 710068,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学雷达信号处理全国重点实验室,陕西西安710071 [2]中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《雷达科学与技术》2023年第1期24-34,39,共12页Radar Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61971336,61601341,61771367);陕西省自然科学基金(No.2018JM6060);111计划(No.B18039)。

摘　　要：集群无人机载雷达阵列具有较高的机动性与灵活性,相关研究受到广泛关注。波束合成是集群无人机载雷达阵列的重要功能之一,该功能的实现面临较多挑战。本文首先构建了波束合成信号模型并分析了位置不确定性、时间同步不确定性、天线指向不确定性以及通道不确定性的影响;其次,推导了波束合成信号模型的克拉美罗界和峰值旁瓣电平并提出了集群无人机构型优化方法;最后,提出了一种幅相误差处理策略,主要包括基于高精度测距的定位和时间同步系统设计以及幅相误差快速补偿两部分。仿真结果和工程实验证实了集群无人机载雷达阵列波束合成的可行性。Radar array formed by a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)is a promising radar system which can achieve high flexibility and mobility.Beamforming is one of its main functions and there are many challenges to overcome for accomplishing this purpose.In this paper,we first establish the signal model and analyze the effects of the uncertainties in the position,timing,antenna pointing and channel.Then,the Cramer-Rao lower bound(CRLB)and the peak sidelobe level(PSL)are derived,and a configuration optimization method is proposed for the optimal configuration of the UAV swarm.Afterwards,a amplitude and phase errors processing strategy is proposed.It includes the localization and timing synchronization system design based on highprecision distance measurement and the method of amplitude and phase errors compensation.Finally,the numerical simulation and engineering demonstration validate the feasibility of the beamforming for the UAV swarm based radar array.

关 键 词：集群无人机 雷达阵列 克拉美罗界 峰值旁瓣电平 幅相误差 

分 类 号：TN972[电子电信—信号与信息处理]