工人阶级文化觉醒的文化唯物主义透视  

The Cultural Materialism Perspective of the Cultural Awakening of the Working Class

作　　者：张海燕[1] 辛琛 ZHANG Haiyan;XIN Chen(School of Philosophy,Inner Mongolia University)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学哲学学院

出　　处：《当代中国价值观研究》2022年第6期99-108,共10页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Values

基　　金：内蒙古自治区人才开发基金项目2022年度高层次人才个人项目“马克思精神生活思想及其当代价值研究”(12000-15052201)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：工人阶级的文化觉醒是马克思主义文化观的重要价值目标。在工人阶级文化研究史上,雷蒙德·威廉斯拒斥了文化上的精英主义立场,批判了法兰克福学派从大众文化批判视角对工人阶级的纯粹受众式的消极定位,从文化唯物主义视角对文化生活进行了重新界定,致力于塑造工人阶级作为文化觉醒潜在者的主体形象。这彰显了工人阶级在文化生活中的主体性地位与变革性力量,阐明了工人阶级文化觉醒的可能性和现实路径。其中,打破资本主义文化对工人阶级精神家园的吞并与创建工人阶级的共有精神家园构成了工人阶级文化觉醒的“一体两面”。威廉斯关于工人阶级文化觉醒的探索,有助于确立文化的本真意义,拒斥商业资本主义逻辑;有助于警惕消费主义的文化样态,促进工人阶级自我价值体认;有助于驳斥精英文化立场,筑牢人民文艺的根基。The cultural awakening of the working class is an important value goal of cultural view of Marxism.In the history of the study of working class culture,Raymond Williams rejected the cultural elitism position,criticized the Frankfurt School from the perspective of mass cultural criticism of pure audience type passive positioned of the working class.From the perspective of cultural materialism to redefine the cultural life,he committed to shaping the working class as a subject image of the potential cultural awakening.Cultural materialism highlighted the subjectivity of the working class in the cultural life and revolutionary force,expounded the possibility of the cultural awakening of the working class,on this basis,discussed the realistic approach of the working class to realize the cultural awakening,among them,broke the annexation of the spiritual homeland of the working class by capitalist culture and created the common spiritual home for the working class,which constituted the“two sides of the same coin”of the cultural awakening of the working class.Williams about working class cultural awakening of exploration has the following value:first,establishing culture actual significance,rejecting the business logic of capitalism.Second,helping guard against consumerism culture,promoting the working class itself value awareness.Third,refuting the elite culture position,enhancing the foundation of the people's literature and art.

关 键 词：工人阶级 文化觉醒 威廉斯 文化唯物主义 精神生活 

分 类 号：G02[文化科学]