淡水甲藻水华形成原因及原位控制研究进展  

A review on the formation mechanism and in-situ control of freshwater dinoflagellate bloom

作　　者：文刚[1] 王茹 温成成 白愿楠 曹瑞华 司凡 李凯[1] 黄廷林[1] WEN Gang;WANG Ru;WEN Cheng-cheng;BAI Yuan-nan;CAO Rui-hua;SI Fan;LI Kai;HUANG Ting-lin(Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西省水污染控制与水质安全保障协同创新中心,陕西省环境工程重点实验室,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第5期2239-2253,共15页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51978557);陕西省重点研发计划(2020ZDLSF06-05);陕西重点科技创新团队(2023-CX-TD-32)。

摘　　要：甲藻是一类浮游植物,多数在海洋生长,但部分甲藻可以在淡水中生长并引发水华,导致水生生物大量死亡,产生藻毒素和嗅味物质,引发供水安全问题,因此明确其形成原因并探索高效的原位控制方法至关重要.目前关于淡水甲藻水华已有较多研究成果,但缺少综述性整理,尤其涉及饮用水水源.水华形成机制的研究主要包括外界环境因素(水动力条件、光照、温度、营养盐等)和甲藻独特的生理特性(孢囊、垂直迁移等),而控制方法主要包括物理、化学和生物方法等.本文从甲藻生理生态、淡水水华形成原因及原位控制方法等方面进行论述,并与常见蓝藻水华进行对比,展望后续研究热点,旨在推进淡水甲藻水华的相关研究,保障水体生态系统健康及饮用水水质安全.Dinoflagellate is a kind of phytoplankton that mostly grow in the ocean,but some of them can cause the bloom in freshwater.The outbreak of dinoflagellate bloom will lead to the death of some aquatic organisms.Moreover,some dinoflagellates produce toxins and odorous substances,which trigger risks to the water supply.Therefore,it is significant to reveal the formation mechanism and control of freshwater dinoflagellate bloom.At present,series of studies on freshwater dinoflagellate blooms have been published,but there is a lack of summarization,especially in the water source.The research on the formation mechanism mainly includes environmental factors(hydrodynamic conditions,light,temperature,nutrient)and the unique physiological characteristics of dinoflagellates(cyst,vertical migration),while the prevention and control methods mainly include physical,chemical,and biological methods.In this paper,the freshwater dinoflagellate bloom is comprehensively discussed from four aspects,including the physiological ecology of dinoflagellate,the mechanism of the occurrence,in-situ control measures,and the comparison with cyanobacterial bloom.The future research fields are also discussed to promote the research progress of freshwater dinoflagellate bloom,to ensure the health of aquatic ecosystems and the safety of drinking water quality.

关 键 词：甲藻水华 生理生态 水华机制 原位控制 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]