微塑料对融冰过程中典型污染因子释放的影响研究  

Effect of microplastics on the release of typical environmental factors during ice melt and the mechanism of action

作　　者：王志超 窦雅娇 康延秋 杨文焕[1,2] 敬双怡 李卫平[1,2] WANG Zhi-chao;DOU Ya-jiao;KANG Yan-qiu;YANG Wen-huan;JING Shuang-yi;LI Wei-ping(School of Energy and Environment,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;Cooperative Innovation Center of Ecological Protection and Comprehensive Utilization in Inner Mongolia Section of the Yellow River Basin,Baotou 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]黄河流域内蒙古段生态保护与综合利用自治区协同创新中心,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第5期2480-2488,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划(NJYT22066);国家自然科学基金资助项目(42007119);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目;黄河流域内蒙古段复杂河湖环境治理技术应用与示范(2021GG0410)。

摘　　要：为探究融冰过程中微塑料赋存对岱海典型污染因子释放规律的影响,采用室内模拟的方式,通过设置不同冻结条件(冰体厚度、初始温度及方式、初始浓度)探究各典型污染因子在融冰过程中的释放规律,并采用融出比例(E)表征污染因子融冰过程中的释放能力.结果表明,微塑料的赋存与初始条件的改变会影响污染因子的分布规律,从而对污染因子在融冰过程中的初期释放量造成一定影响,但并不能改变污染因子初期大量释放,随后少量均匀释放的释放规律;而相同初始条件下微塑料赋存使污染因子在融冰初期的释放量增加,使融出比例E下降2.59%~5.02%,这表明微塑料在冻融过程中不仅会将部分污染因子携带到冰体中,还对融冰过程中污染因子的释放起到一定的滞后作用;此外融冰过程中微塑料对于污染因子释放规律的影响可以从冰体微观结构与冰体融化机理两方面得到解释.In order to explore the influence of microplastics on the release rule of typical pollution factors in Daihai during ice melting,indoor simulation method was adopted to explore the release rule of each typical pollution factor during ice melting by setting different freezing conditions(ice body thickness,initial temperature and mode,initial concentration),and the release ratio(E)was used to characterize the release ability of pollution factors during ice melting.The results showed that the occurrence of microplastics and the change of initial conditions can affect the distribution law of pollution factors,and thus affect the initial release amount of pollution factors in the melting process,but cannot change the release law of large initial release of pollution factors,and then a small amount of uniform release of pollution factors.Under the same initial conditions,the occurrence of microplastics increases the release amount of pollution factors at the initial stage of ice melting,and decreases the melt proportion E by 2.59%~5.02%.This indicated that microplastics not only carry some pollution factors into the ice body during freeze-thaw process,but also play a lag role in the release of pollution factors during ice melting process.In addition,the effect of microplastics on the release of pollution factors during the melting process could be explained from two aspects:the microstructure of ice body and the melting mechanism of ice body.

关 键 词：融冰过程 微塑料 污染因子 释放规律 作用机理 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]