生物基可降解水性聚氨酯的制备、表征及性能调控  

Preparation,Characterization,and Performance Regulation of Bio-based Degradable Waterborne Polyurethanes

作　　者：李婷 冯见艳 陈欣 阚成友[2] LI Ting;FENG Jianyan;CHEN Xin;KAN Chengyou(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education,College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi Province,710021;Department of Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心,陕西西安710021 [2]清华大学化学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《中国造纸》2023年第4期57-63,共7页China Pulp & Paper

基　　金：陕西省科技厅自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JM-555);咸阳市科技计划项目(2018K02-14)。

摘　　要：使用内乳化法分别制备聚乳酸基水性聚氨酯(PLA-WPU)与聚己内酯基水性聚氨酯(PCLWPU),然后将PCL-WPU与PLA-WPU进行物理共混,制备生物基可降解水性聚氨酯(PLA-WPUPCLX)。结果表明,当PCL-WPU含量30%时,制备的PLA-WPU-PCL30综合性能较好,结晶性能较纯PLA-WPU与PCL-WPU有明显提升,拉伸强度达22.2 MPa,断裂伸长率为540%,初始热分解温度为290.5℃,堆肥降解14天后质量损失率为2.4%。对纸张表面进行施胶,施胶后的纸张接触角由99°提升至112°;与淀粉施胶相比,PLA-WPU-PCL30质量分数5%时,纸张施胶度由16 s增加至71 s,Cobb值由68.4 g/m^(2)降低至44.7 g/m^(2),抗张强度由4.6 kN/m提升至5.4 kN/m,撕裂指数由1.32 mN·m^(2)/g提升至1.42 mN·m^(2)/g,耐破度由235 kPa提升至273 kPa,耐折度由55次提升至146次。Polylactic acid(PLA)-based waterborne polyurethane(PLA-WPU)and polycaprolactone(PCL)-based waterborne polyurethane(PCL-WPU)were first prepared by internal emulsification,respectively,and then the bio-based degradable waterborne polyurethane emulsion(PLA-WPU-PCLX)was prepared by physical blending of PCL-WPU and PLA-WPU.The results showed that when the PCL-WPU content was 30%,the comprehensive performance of the prepared PLA-WPU-PCL30 was better,the crystallization performance was significantly improved compared with pure PLA-WPU and PCL-WPU,the tensile strength reached 22.2 MPa,the elongation at break was 540%,the initial thermal decomposition temperature was 290.5℃,and the mass loss rate after 14 days of compost degradation was 2.4%.After surface sizing,the con‐tact angle of the paper increased from 99°to 112°.Compared with starch sizing,when the dosage of PLA-WPU-PCL30 was 5%,the paper sizing degree increased from 16 s to 71 s,the Cobb value decreased from 68.4 g/m^(2) to 44.7 g/m^(2),the tensile strength increased from 4.6 kN/m to 5.4 kN/m,the tear index increased from 1.32 mN·m^(2)/g to 1.42 mN·m^(2)/g,the bursting strength increased from 235 kPa to 273 kPa,and the folding endurance increased from 55 times to 146 times.

关 键 词：聚乳酸 性能可调控 可生物降解 水性聚氨酯 

分 类 号：TS727.5[轻工技术与工程—制浆造纸工程]