长沙市土地利用景观格局时空演变及驱动因素研究  

Spatial-temporal Evolution of Landscape Pattern of Land Use and Its Driving Factors in Changsha City

作　　者：陈宪周 范正根[1] 吴巍[1] CHEN Xian-zhou;FAN Zheng-gen;WU Wei(College of City Construction,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学城市建设学院,江西南昌330022

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2023年第3期146-156,共11页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42161032)。

摘　　要：以长沙市作为研究对象,基于2005、2010、2015、2020年长沙市4期土地利用数据,依托ArcGIS、Fragstats等软件平台,运用土地利用动态度、土地利用转移矩阵分析各用地类型的变化幅度和转化方向,运用景观指数分析研究区景观格局的动态演变特征,最后对选取的社会经济指标进行主成分分析并结合政府相关政策文件探究引发土地利用变化的主要驱动因素。结果表明:林地、耕地和建设用地是长沙市的主要土地利用类型,在2005—2020年间,林、耕地总量持续减少,建设用地规模持续扩大,未利用地变化速率最快,水域和草地面积变化较为平缓;土地利用类型转化主要以耕地、林地、建设用地3类用地类型间的转化为主,且主要呈现林、耕地多转出,建设用地多转入的变化态势;研究区内景观斑块的连接度降低,景观类型的多样性增强,多种景观要素呈散布格局,景观破碎程度加剧;长沙市土地利用变化主要是自然地形、社会经济和政策规划三大驱动因素共同作用的结果。Changsha City was taken as the research object.Based on the land use data of the research region in 2005,2010,2015 and 2020,relying on ArcGIS,Fragstats and other software platforms,the land use dynamic degree and land use transfer matrix were used to analyze the change range and transformation direction of each land use type.The landscape index was used to analyze the dynamic evolution characteristics of the landscape pattern in the research region.Finally,the selected socio-economic indicators for principal component analysis and relevant government policy documents were used to explore the main driving factors of land use change.The results show that forest land,cultivated land and construction land were the main land use types in Changsha City.From 2005 to 2020,the total amount of forest land and cultivated land continued to decrease,the scale of construction land continued to expand,the change rate of unused land was the fastest,and the change of water area and grassland area was relatively gentle.The transformation of land use types is mainly among cultivated land,forest land and construction land,and mainly presents the changing situation that forest land and cultivated land transfer out more and construction land transfer in more.The connectivity of landscape patches in the research region is reduced,the diversity of landscape types is enhanced,various landscape elements are scattered,and the degree of landscape fragmentation is intensified.The change of land use in Changsha City is mainly the result of the three driving factors of natural terrain,social economy and policy planning.

关 键 词：土地利用 景观格局 时空 驱动因素 长沙市 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]