纺织品常用的抗菌整理剂的应用综述  

Review of commonly used antibacterial finishing agents for textiles

作　　者：陆嘉渔 蔡国强 高宗春 宋江晓 张艳 戚栋明[1,3] LU Jiayu;CAI Guoqiang;GAO Zongchun;SONG Jiangxiao;ZHANG Yan;QI Dongming(Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Ministry of Education,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;NICE Zhejiang Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310051,China;Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Green Technology and Washing Products,Lishui 323000,China;Zhejiang Transfar Zhilian Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311217,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室,杭州310018 [2]纳爱斯浙江科技有限公司,杭州310051 [3]浙江省绿色清洁技术及洗涤用品重点实验室,浙江丽水323000 [4]浙江传化智联股份有限公司,杭州311217

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2023年第3期251-262,共12页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2022C01174);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ22E030007);浙江理工大学科研启动项目(2020YBZX24,20202291-Y)。

摘　　要：近年来,由于新型冠状病毒、甲流等多种传染病频发,抑制和切断病菌的传播成为人们密切关注的焦点。纺织品在使用过程中能够为病菌的生长和繁殖提供有利环境,对人类健康产生极大的影响。提升纺织品的抗菌性能是切断或减缓病菌传播的重要手段,因此抗菌纺织品的研究和应用得到了广泛关注。对纺织品进行抗菌整理是开发抗菌纺织品的常用方法,本文总结了纺织品抗菌整理常用的无机抗菌剂、有机抗菌剂及天然抗菌剂等三类抗菌剂的抗菌作用机理、优缺点以及应用,并对每种抗菌材料的抗菌效果进行了评价。也介绍了纺织品抗菌整理常用的原纤维法和后整理法等两种方法,并总结了纺织品抗菌评价的主要测试手段。最后,本文对纺织品上抗菌整理剂的发展趋势进行展望。Textiles are widely used in many fields,such as clothing,domestic decoration and industrial use.They not only provide a place for the growth and reproduction of various microorganisms,but also become an important transmission route of some infectious diseases due to their reusable characteristics.In recent years,considering the complex and severe global environmental epidemic and the frequent occurrence of various infectious diseases,the use of antibacterial agents on textiles is an important way to improve their antibacterial and bacteriological properties and cut off or slow down the spread of pathogens.Therefore,the functional characteristics and development trend of various antibacterial agents commonly used in textiles have attracted much attention.We firstly introduce the inorganic,organic and natural antibacterial agents which are widely used in textiles,and describe the types,characteristics,mechanism of action and antibacterial effect of these compounds,respectively.Inorganic antibacterial agents are the most widely used antibacterial agents.Nano silver and nano gold as typical antibacterial agents of metal nanoparticles,have high surface energy.They generally destroy the cell structure of bacteria or affect their metabolism by acting with the cell membrane of bacteria.Although they have good antibacterial effects,they are easy to agglomerate and leach from the textile.The antibacterial effect of metal oxides,such as titanium dioxide,zinc oxide and magnesium oxide,is next only to that of metal nanoparticles.There are three main antibacterial mechanisms,such as active oxygen generation through photocatalysis,metal ion action and cell mechanical damage.Carbon nanomaterials have also been studied in the field of antibacterial.It is believed that graphene,carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide can cause physical damage to bacterial cell membrane or cell distortion through contact and interaction with bacteria by their physical structure and excellent mechanical strength,and thus producing antibacterial effects.

关 键 词：纺织品 抗菌整理剂 抗菌机理 抗菌整理 抗菌测试 

分 类 号：TS101.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]