施氮量对贺州市烤烟K326生长、产量及质量的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application Rate on Growth,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco K326 in Hezhou City

作　　者：李群岭[1] 张兵 杨祝军[1] 林小兴 刘惠生 路小改 LI Qunling;ZHANG Bing;YANG Zhujun;LIN Xiaoxing;LIU Huisheng;LU Xiaogai(China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Nanning Guangxi 530001;Hezhou Branch,Tobacco Company of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Hezhou Guangxi 542800)

机构地区：[1]广西中烟工业有限责任公司,广西南宁530001 [2]广西壮族自治区烟草公司贺州市公司,广西贺州542800

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第9期13-17,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：为探索贺州市烤烟K326适宜的施氮量,研究了不同施氮量对烤烟农艺性状、经济性状、外观质量、化学成分和评吸质量的影响。结果表明:随着施氮量的增加,株高、叶片数、最大叶长、最大叶宽和最大叶面积均呈逐渐增加的趋势,烟叶产量逐渐增加,上中等烟比例逐渐降低,烟叶产值、均价及上等烟比例均呈先增加后降低的趋势;施氮量偏低会导致中部叶颜色偏浅、身份变薄、油分减少,施氮量偏高会导致上部叶颜色偏暗、成熟度降低、身份变厚、结构僵硬;烟叶总糖、还原糖、淀粉含量和糖碱比逐渐降低,总植物碱和总氮含量逐渐升高,钾、氯含量及氮碱比、还原糖与总糖比变化不明显;施氮量偏低会造成中部叶香气质差、香气量不足,施氮量偏高会造成上部叶杂气重、刺激性过大。综合分析,贺州市种植烤烟K326的适宜施氮量为165 kg/hm^(2)。In order to explore the suitable nitrogen application rate of flue-cured tobacco K326 in Hezhou City,the effects of different nitrogen application rates on agronomic traits,economic traits,appearance quality,chemical composition and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied.The results showed that,with the increase of nitrogen application rate,plant height,leaf number,maximum leaf length,maximum leaf width and maximum leaf area increased gradually;the yield increased gradually,the proportion of upper and middle-grade tobacco gradually decreased,and the output value,average price and the proportion of upper grade tobacco all increased first and then decreased;low nitrogen application rate would lead to light color of middle leaves,thin identity and reduced oil content;high nitrogen application rate would lead to dark color of upper leaves,lower maturity,thicker identity and rigid structure;the contents of total sugar,reducing sugar,starch and sugar alkali ratio decreased gradually,while the contents of total plant alkali and total nitrogen increased gradually;the contents of potassium,chlorine,nitrogen alkali ratio and ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar did not change significantly;low nitrogen application rate would lead to poor aroma quality of the middle leaves,insufficient aroma,and high nitrogen application rate would lead to heavy impurity gas of the upper leaves and excessive irritation.Comprehensive analysis showed that the suitable nitrogen application rate of flue-cured tobacco K326 in Hezhou City was 165 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：烤烟 K326 施氮量 农艺性状 经济效益 烟叶品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S147.5[农业科学—作物学]