陕西省甘薯上马铃薯腐烂茎线虫的生物型鉴定及综合防控技术  

Biological Type Identification and Integrated Control Technology of Ditylenchus destructor on Sweet Potato in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：刘晨 李英梅 杨艺炜 陈志杰 LIU Chen;LI Yingmei;YANG Yiwei;CHEN Zhijie(Shaanxi Institute of Biological Agriculture,Xi'an Shaanxi 715299)

机构地区：[1]陕西省生物农业研究所,陕西西安715299

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第9期109-112,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2020NY-072);陕西省科学院科技计划项目(2019K-12)。

摘　　要：马铃薯腐烂茎线虫(Ditylenchus destructor)是危害甘薯的重要植物病原线虫,其发生有逐年加重的趋势。通过形态学鉴定及分子生物学鉴定,确定危害陕西甘薯的马铃薯腐烂茎线虫生物型主要为A型,其1年发生8~10代,在27~28℃、20~24℃、6~10℃条件下,完成一个世代的时间分别为18 d、20~26 d和68 d。马铃薯腐烂茎线虫主要以卵、幼虫、成虫在薯块、土壤、粪肥中越冬,种薯和种苗是其主要传播途径。本文提出了严格进行种薯检测、建立无病留种田和挑选健康种薯、温汤浸种、覆膜栽培、轮作倒茬、清洁田园、高剪苗、药剂防治等适宜陕西区域推广应用的综合防控技术,以期为减轻马铃薯腐烂茎线虫对甘薯的危害提供参考。Ditylenchus destructor is an important plant pathogenic nematode to sweet potato,which has aggravated year by year.Through morphological identification and molecular biological identification,it was determined that Ditylenchus destructor harming sweet potato in Shaanxi Province was mainly type A.It occurred 8-10 generations in a year.Under the condition of 27-28℃,20-24℃and 6-10℃,a generation was completed for 18 d,20-26 d and 68 d,respectively.Ditylenchus destructor mainly overwintered in potato blocks,soil and manure as eggs,larvae and adults,and seed tuber and seedling were the main transmission routes.In this paper,the integrated prevention and control techniques suitable for popularization and application in Shaanxi region were put forward,such as strictly detecting of seed tubers,constructing disease-free field,selecting healthy seed tubers,soaking seeds in hot water,plastic film covering cultivation,crop rotating,cleaning the field,high seedling cutting,pesticide controlling,so as to provide a reference for decreasing the damage of sweet potato caused by Ditylenchus destructor.

关 键 词：马铃薯腐烂茎线虫 甘薯 生物型 发生规律 综合防控技术 陕西省 

分 类 号：S433.89[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]