数字化与智能化技术在法医病理学鉴定中的研究现状与挑战  

Frontiers and Challenges for Digital and Intelligent Technology in Forensic Pathology

作　　者：黄平 张吉 邹冬华 刘宁国 李正东 王金明 秦志强 张建华 HUANG Ping;ZHANG Ji;ZOU Donghua;LIU Ningguo;LI Zhengdong;WANG Jinming;QIN Zhiqiang;ZHANG Jianhua(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine,Shanghai Forensic Service Platform,Key Laboratory of Forensic Science,Ministry of Justice,Academy of Forensic Science,Shanghai 200063,China)

机构地区：[1]司法鉴定科学研究院、上海市法医学重点实验室、上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台、司法部司法鉴定重点实验室,上海200063

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2023年第2期35-47,共13页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3302002);国家自然科学基金资助项目(82072115);上海市法医学重点实验室资助项目(21DZ2270800);上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台资助项目。

摘　　要：法医病理学是我国司法鉴定活动中的重要组成部分,但其传统技术手段仍存在主观性强、精准性低、特异性差等缺点。近年来,随着计算机技术的不断发展,多学科前沿技术手段开始与人工智能算法相联用,形成了一批可用于涉及损伤、死亡与遗骸识别等的数字化与智能化鉴定手段,为司法实践活动提供了更为科学、客观的鉴定证据。通过总结近年来国内外数字化与智能化技术在法医病理学实践中的最新研究进展,以期为法医病理学学科发展注入新的强劲动力。Forensic pathology is of great importance in forensic appraisal in China.Traditional methods in this domain have several disadvantages such as subjectivity,low precision and poor specificity.With the development of computer technology,several multi-disciplinary frontier technologies have been combined with artificial intelligence,allowing digital intelligent procedures for forensic expertise of injury,death and human remains,etc.These technologies have the potential to provide more scientific and objective evidence in court.This review introduced applications of digital and intelligent technologies in forensic pathology from international scientific literatures in these years,hoping to provide reference for the development of forensic pathology.

关 键 词：司法鉴定 法医病理学 数字化技术 智能化技术 

分 类 号：DF795.4[医药卫生—法医学]