静电纺聚酰亚胺基摩擦纳米发电机的制备及性能  

Preparation and performance of triboelectric nanogenerators based on electrospun polyimide nanofiber membranes

作　　者：闫静[1,2] 望希言 朱宁 吕梦蝶 秦跃彬 YAN Jing;WANG Xi-yan;ZHU Ning;LYU Meng-die;QIN Yue-bin(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Research on Separation Membranes and Technology,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室/分离膜科学与技术国家级国际联合研究中心,天津300387

出　　处：《天津工业大学学报》2023年第2期6-12,共7页Journal of Tiangong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52103267)。

摘　　要：为获得高性能的摩擦纳米发电机(triboelectric nanogenerator,TENG),采用静电纺丝技术和酰胺化工艺制备了具有高表面粗糙度和孔隙结构的聚酰亚胺(polyimide,PI)纳米纤维薄膜,将其作为负摩擦材料构筑TENG。探究了PI纳米纤维膜的厚度、TENG的接触分离距离和工作面积对其输出性能的影响。结果表明:基于静电纺PI膜的TENG的输出性能随着PI纳米纤维膜厚度、TENG接触分离距离的增加均呈现先增加后减小的趋势,并随着工作面积的增加而增加;当纤维膜厚度为114.1μm、接触分离距离为10 mm、工作面积为20 cm^(2)时,开路电压、短路电流和转移电荷达到最大,分别为235 V、22.5μA和92 nC,此时输出功率密度为3 W/m^(2),可以将50 V 1μF的电容器在7 s内充电至4 V,展示了基于静电纺PI纳米纤维膜TENG的应用潜能。In order to obtain the high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs),a polyimide(PI)nanofiber membrane with high surface roughness and pore structure was prepared by electrospinning and thermal imidization process,which was used as the negative of the TENGs.The influences of thickness of the PI nanofiber membrane,the contact-separation distance and the working area of the TENG on the output performance were explored.The results showed that the output performance of TENGs with electrospun PI membrane increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of the thickness of the PI nanofiber membrane and the contact-separation distance,and increased with the increase of the working area.When the thickness of PI nanofiber membrane was 114.1μm,the contact-separation distance was 10 mm,and the working area was 20 cm^(2),the open-circuit voltage,short-circuit current and transferred charge reached 235 V,22.5μA and 92 nC,respectively.At this time,the output power density was 3 W/m^(2),and a capacitor of 50 V 1μF could be charged to 4 V within 7 s,demonstrating the potential applications of TENGs based on electrospun PI nanofiber membranes.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 聚酰亚胺 摩擦纳米发电机 机械能 电能 

分 类 号：TQ342.7[化学工程—化纤工业]