铝胁迫下油菜幼苗叶绿素质量分数与光化学效率及碳同化代谢的研究  

Change of Chlorophyll Content,Photochemical Efficiency and Carbon Assimilation in Seedling Leaves of Rapeseed under Aluminum Toxicity

作　　者：吴家怡 孟丽姣 袁芳 史红松 李晨阳 武晓如 白岩松 李加纳[1,2] 周清元[1,2] 崔翠 WU Jiayi;MENG Lijiao;YUAN Fang;SHI Hongsong;LI Chenyang;WU Xiaoru;BAI Yansong;LI Jiana;ZHOU Qingyuan;CUI Cui(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture,Ministry of Education,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院,重庆400715 [2]南方山地农业教育部工程研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期33-47,共15页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-12);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0100500);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项(cstc2019jscx-msxmX0383).

摘　　要：随着土壤酸化的加剧,土壤中的Al^(3+)已成为限制甘蓝型油菜生长和产量的主要因素之一.以甘蓝型油菜品种ZS11和10D130为实验材料,在处理第15 d测定其叶绿素质量分数、叶绿素荧光参数、气体交换参数、碳同化关键酶活性及非结构性碳水化合物质量分数.结果表明:2个品种的叶绿素质量分数、PSII光化学效率参数、电子传递速率、气体交换参数和核糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶(Rubisco)活性均随铝胁迫浓度上升而下降,而气体交换参数在铝浓度为800μmol/L下上升.相较于品种10D130,品种ZS11的净光合速率、甘油醛磷酸-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPDH)活性、核糖-5-磷酸激酶(PRK)活性和非结构性碳水化合物质量分数在一系列铝浓度处理下与各自对照组相比差异无统计学意义,说明品种10D130较ZS11对铝更敏感.Due to excessive soil acidification,aluminum in soil has become one of the main factors limiting the growth and yield of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Therefore,we investigated chlorophyll content,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,gas exchange parameters,carbon assimilation key enzyme activities and non-structure carbohydrate content in two rapeseed varieties(ZS11 and 10D130).The results showed that chlorophyll content,PSII photochemistry activities,electron transport rate,gas exchange parameters and activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase were decreased,and excitation energy distribution,composition of non-structural carbohydrates were affected in both varieties under aluminum stress.Whereas,the gas exchange parameters were enhanced at low concentration(800μmol/L).In addition,ZS11 maintained the more stable levels of net photosynthetic rate,NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity,phosphoribulokinase activity and non-structural carbohydrates content than 10D130,indicating that ZS11 is more tolerant to aluminum toxin than 10D130.

关 键 词：铝胁迫 甘蓝型油菜 碳同化 光合性能 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]