“21·7”河南暴雨前后鸡冠洞CO_(2)变化的对比研究  

Comparative Study on the Changes of CO_(2)in Jiguan Cave before and after the“21·7”rainstorm in Henan Province

作　　者：叶枝茂 杨琰[1,2] 李一冬 陈小敏 段军伟 许彦智 YE Zhimao;YANG Yan;LI Yidong;CHEN Xiaomin;DUAN Junwei;XU Yanzhi(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment/School of Geographical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station,Chongqing 400715,China;Henan Jiguan Cave Tourism Development Co.Ltd,Luoyang Henan 471500,China)

机构地区：[1]岩溶环境重庆市重点实验室/西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [2]重庆金佛山喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,重庆400715 [3]河南省鸡冠洞旅游发展有限公司,河南洛阳471500

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期160-171,共12页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42277048,41877450,41672160).

摘　　要：岩溶洞穴CO_(2)的传输机制对于碳循环研究意义重大,但旅游洞穴中人为活动和天然岩溶作用产生CO_(2)的贡献很难区分,其影响因素不明确.该研究以2021年7月(“21·7”)河南特大暴雨前后鸡冠洞景区关闭为契机,利用高分辨率在线洞穴CO_(2)监测设备和现场昼夜监测及采样,对河南栾川县鸡冠洞(旅游洞穴)和毗邻的东石崖洞(天然洞穴)进行不同时空的连续监测对比研究,结果表明:①昼夜尺度上,鸡冠洞和东石崖洞CO_(2)摩尔分数变化的驱动因素不同.旅游活动人为产生的CO_(2)是鸡冠洞CO_(2)变化的一个主要来源.东石崖洞内CO_(2)主要源于天然岩溶作用,受控于上覆土壤CO_(2)的变化;但在强降雨事件期间,会受东石崖洞上覆土壤CO_(2)和洞内水体脱气(CO_(2))的共同影响.②鸡冠洞人为活动产生的CO_(2)摩尔分数是没有游客时(“21·7”河南特大暴雨造成景区关闭期间)的2~3倍.虽然游客呼吸在短期内对鸡冠洞洞穴CO_(2)摩尔分数变化贡献较大,但并没有达到可以抑制洞内滴水脱气的程度,不会影响方解石沉积.③短时间尺度内由人类活动产生的CO_(2)会积极参与岩溶洞穴系统CO_(2)的传输循环过程,在岩溶区“碳中和”目标实现的不同尺度评估过程中,此影响不容忽视.The transport mechanism of CO_(2)in karst caves is of great significance for the study of carbon cycle,but the contribution of CO_(2)produced by human activities and natural karstification in tourism caves is difficult to distinguish,and its influencing factors are not clear.This study seized the opportunity of the closure of Jiguan Cave scenic spot before and after the“21·7”rainstorm in Henan(July 2021),and used high-resolution online cave CO_(2)monitoring equipment and on-site day-night monitoring and sampling to carry out continuous monitoring and comparative research in Jiguan Cave(tourist cave)and adjacent Dongshiya Cave(natural cave)in different time and space in Luanchuan County,Henan Province.①On the diurnal scale,the driving factors of CO_(2)concentration change in Jiguan Cave and Dongshiya Cave were different.The anthropogenic CO_(2)generated by tourism activities was a major source of CO_(2)change in Jiguan Cave.The CO_(2)in Dongshiya Cave mainly came from natural karstification and was controlled by the change of CO_(2)in the overlying soil.However,during the heavy rainfall event,it was jointly affected by the overlying soil CO_(2)and the water degassing(CO_(2))in the cave.②The concentration of CO_(2)generated by human activities in Jiguan Cave was 2-3 times higher than that without the tourists(during the closure of the scenic area due to the“21·7”Henan heavy rain).Although,the respiration of tourists contributed greatly to the change of CO_(2)concentration in Jiguan Cave in a short period of time.It did not reach to the level that can inhibit the drip water degassing in the cave and will not affect the calcite deposition.③CO_(2)generated by human activities in a short time scale could actively participate in the process of CO_(2)transmission and circulation in the karst cave system.This impact cannot be ignored in the assessment process of different scales to achieve the goal of“carbon neutrality”in karst areas.

关 键 词：二氧化碳 强降水 旅游活动 洞穴滴水 鸡冠洞 东石崖洞 

分 类 号：P59[天文地球—地球化学]