离子污染对质子交换膜电解制氢的影响研究进展  

Research Progress on the Effect of Ion Pollution on Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production

作　　者：郭志远 朱玉婷 叶青 胡晓 宋洁 徐桂芝 邓占锋 段方维 刘芮彤 GUO Zhiyuan;ZHU Yuting;YE Qing;HU Xiao;SONG Jie;XU Guizhi;DENG Zhanfeng;DUAN Fangwei;LIU Ruitong(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Transmission Technology,State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changping District,Beijing 102209,China;Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110055,Liaoning Province,China)

机构地区：[1]国网智能电网研究院有限公司(先进输电技术国家重点实验室),北京市昌平区102209 [2]国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,辽宁省沈阳市110055

出　　处：《全球能源互联网》2023年第3期325-330,共6页Journal of Global Energy Interconnection

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(均压式固体聚合物制氢单极室电解槽前期研究,5419-202158329A-0-0-00)。

摘　　要：质子交换膜(proton exchange membrane,PEM)电解制氢运行灵活,具有优异的可再生能源波动适应性,是极具发展前景的绿色制氢技术。然而,在实际PEM电解制氢运行过程中,可能存在离子污染,对PEM电解堆的性能以及运行寿命产生很大影响。为此,首先分析了离子污染的来源,一方面来自水中的残余金属阳离子,如Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)等,另一方面来自电解堆内部关键材料和系统水循环管路因化学或电化学腐蚀产生的痕量金属离子,如Fe^(3+)、Cu^(2+)、Ni^(2+)等;然后综述了不同离子污染对电解性能的影响,包括欧姆过电位、阴极反应过电位与阳极反应过电位;最后,综述了离子污染缓解策略,即如何避免规模化电解制氢过程中杂质离子污染带来的能效和成本问题。Proton exchange membrane(PEM)electrolytic hydrogen production is flexible in operation and has excellent adaptability to renewable energy fluctuations.It is a green hydrogen production technology with great development prospects.However,in the actual operation of PEM electrolysis for hydrogen production,there may be ion contamination,which has a great impact on the performance and operating life of the PEM electrolysis stack.In this paper,the source of ion pollution is firstly analyzed.On the one hand,it comes from residual metal cations in water,such as Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),etc.On the other hand,trace metal ions may come from chemical or electrochemical corrosion of key materials inside the electrolysis reactor and system water circulation pipelines,such as Fe^(3+),Cu^(2+),Ni^(2+),etc.Then the effects of different ion contamination on electrolytic performance are reviewed,including ohmic overpotential,cathodic reaction overpotential,and anodic reaction overpotential.Finally,ion pollution mitigation strategies are reviewed to avoid the energy efficiency and cost problems caused by impurity ion pollution during large-scale electrolytic hydrogen production.

关 键 词：质子交换膜电解制氢 离子污染 电解性能 过电位 缓解策略 

分 类 号：TQ116.21[化学工程—无机化工] O646[理学—物理化学]