老年COPD患者并发营养不良的现状调查及相关因素分析  

Investigation of Malnutrition in Elderly Patients with COPD and Analysis of Related Factors

作　　者：王智辉[1] 钟志超[1] WANG Zhihui;ZHONG Zhichao(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Boluo County People's Hospital,Huizhou,Guangdong 516100)

机构地区：[1]广东省惠州市博罗县人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科,广东惠州516100

出　　处：《智慧健康》2023年第7期27-31,40,共6页Smart Healthcare

基　　金：惠州市科技计划项目《三种营养风险评价法对COPD合并营养不良的筛查和指导价值》(项目编号:20190401)。

摘　　要：目的 了解老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者营养不良状况并分析相关因素。方法 选取博罗县人民医院78例老年COPD患者,应用微型营养评定法(MNA)对患者进行营养筛查,根据筛查结果分为营养不良组和对照组,收集两组临床相关资料,采用Logistic回归分析老年COPD患者并发营养不良的相关因素。结果 78例老年COPD患者存在营养不良风险者43例,占比55.13%;单因素分析结果显示,营养不良组与对照组年龄、居住状态、医疗费用承担方式、吸烟史、厌食、病程、肺功能、心理健康状况、合并口腔疾病、胃肠道疾病、一年内住院时长、入院时BMI及TSF比较差异明显,有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、吸烟、厌食、合并口腔疾病是影响老年COPD患者并发营养不良的危险因素,心理健康和良好的肺功能是其保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 老年CODP患者营养不良发生率较高,建议针对上述危险因素,制定相应预防策略,以改善老年CODP患者的营养状况。Objective To understand the malnutrition status of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and analyze the related factors.Methods 78 elderly patients with COPD in Boluo County People's hospital were selected,and the patients were screened by micro nutritional assessment(MNA).According to the screening results,they were divided into malnutrition group and control group.The clinical relevant data of the two groups were collected,and the related factors of malnutrition in elderly patients with COPD were analyzed by logistic regression.Results Among the 78 elderly patients with COPD,43 had malnutrition risk,accounting for 55.13%;Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the malnutrition group and the control group in age,living status,medical expense bearing mode,smoking history,anorexia,course of disease,lung function,mental health status,combined oral diseases,gastrointestinal diseases,length of hospital stay within one year,BMI and TSF ratio at admission(P<0.05);Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,smoking,anorexia and oral diseases were the risk factors of malnutrition in elderly patients with COPD,and mental health and good pulmonary function were the protective factors(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of malnutrition in elderly CODP patients is high.It is suggested to formulate corresponding prevention strategies according to the above risk factors to improve the nutritional status of elderly CODP patients.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 老年 营养不良 现状 相关因素 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统]