高频超声在健康足月新生儿及早产儿的升主动脉内-中膜厚度评估中的应用  

Evaluation of Ascending Aorta Intima-media Thickness by High-frequency Ultrasound in Healthy Term Neonates and Preterm Infants

作　　者：韦馨[1] 代丽[2] 黄志强 王莉娟 胡德军[1] 郑红[1] WEI Xin;DAI Li;HUANG Zhiqiang;WANG Lijuan;HU Dejun;ZHENG Hong(Department of Medical Ultrasonics,Deyang People’s Hospital,Deyang,Sichuan,618000;Department of Paediatrics,Deyang People’s Hospital,Deyang,Sichuan,618000)

机构地区：[1]德阳市人民医院超声医学科,四川德阳618000 [2]德阳市人民医院儿科,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《智慧健康》2023年第8期9-12,16,共5页Smart Healthcare

基　　金：德阳市重点研发项目《高频超声在健康足月新生儿及早产儿的升主动脉内-中膜厚度评估中的应用研究》(项目编号:2020SZZ072)。

摘　　要：目的 探究高频超声在健康足月新生儿及早产儿的升主动脉内-中膜厚度评估中的应用价值。方法选择2021年1~12月在德阳市人民医院出生的400例早产儿为实验组,另选取同期本院健康足月儿400例为对照组,在新生儿期、1岁时进行高频超声心动图检查,测量升主动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT),比较两组升主动脉IMT,分析新生儿期IMT与胎儿出生状况及母体孕期患病史的相关性,并对高频超声测定升主动脉IMT值进行组间、组内一致性检验。结果 实验组早产儿出生72h内、1岁时的升主动脉IMT值明显大于对照组(P<0.05),且实验组早产儿左室直径小于对照组,卵圆孔未闭占比高于对照组(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析显示,新生儿升主动脉IMT值与胎龄、出生体重、出生身长、出生后1min Apgar分值呈负相关,与母亲妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积、妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病发生呈正相关(P<0.05)。Altman-Bland分析显示,观察者内及观察者之间超声测量的升主动脉IMT值大部分分布在95%一致性界限范围内。结论 与足月儿相比,早产儿出生时升主动脉IMT偏厚,故在新生儿出生早期进行高频超声检查能够及早识别动脉粥样硬化,及早干预,利于改善新生儿预后。Objective To explore the application value of high-frequency ultrasound in the assessment of ascending aorta intima-media thickness in healthy full-term neonates and preterm infants.Methods A total of 400 cases of preterm infants born in Deyang People's Hospital were selected as the experimental group from January to December 2021,and 400 cases of healthy full-term infants were selected as the control group during the same time.High frequency echocardiography was performed in the neonatal period and at the age of 1 year to measure the intima-media thickness(IMT)of the ascending aorta.The IMT of the ascending aorta was compared between the two groups.Results The IMT value of the ascending aorta and the proportion of patent foramen ovale in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group,the left ventricular diameter was smaller than that of the control group(P<0.05).The IMT value of the ascending aorta of the newborn was negatively correlated with gestational age,birth weight,birth length,Apgar score,and positively correlated with the mother's cholestasis of pregnancy,hypertension during pregnancy,and diabetes during pregnancy(P<0.05).Altman Brand analysis showed that the IMT values of ascending aorta measured by ultrasound within and between observers were mostly distributed within the 95%consistency limit.Conclusion Compared with term infants,the IMT of the ascending aorta of premature infants is thicker,so high-frequency ultrasound examination in the early neonatal period can identify atherosclerosis early,intervene early,and improve the prognosis of newborns.

关 键 词：升主动脉 内-中膜厚度 高频超声 早产儿 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]