儿童保健门诊婴幼儿发生营养性缺铁性贫血的危险因素及门诊指导  

Risk Factors and Outpatient Guidance of Nutritional Iron Deficiency Anemia in Infants in Child Health Clinics

作　　者：陈利优 李银枝 刘君拔 CHEN Liyou;LI Yinzhi;LIU Junba(Shenzhen Yantian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518000)

机构地区：[1]深圳市盐田区妇幼保健院,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《智慧健康》2023年第8期136-140,共5页Smart Healthcare

摘　　要：目的 探讨分析儿童保健门诊婴幼儿发生营养性缺铁性贫血的危险因素及门诊指导。方法 择取本院儿童保健门诊在2019年6月-2022年6月接收的60例营养性缺铁性贫血患儿为研究对象,观察分析患儿发生营养性缺铁性贫血的危险因素,并且分析实施门诊指导干预后的效果。结果 6个月至1岁婴儿的贫血发生率要高于1~3岁幼儿;足月儿的贫血发生率要低于未足月儿;母孕期贫血的婴幼儿贫血发生率要高于母孕期未贫血的发生率;4~6个月龄时未按时添加辅食的贫血发生率要高于按时添加辅食的婴幼儿;低出生体重儿的贫血发生率要高于非低出生体重儿;挑食厌食儿童的贫血发生率高于不挑食厌食儿童;留守儿童的贫血发生率要高于非留守儿童。但是人工喂养、母乳喂养以及混合喂养贫血与不同性别贫血等发生营养性缺铁性贫血的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 婴幼儿发生营养性缺铁性贫血主要和年龄、足月情况以及母孕期贫血、挑食厌食、未按时添加辅食、低出生体重儿、留守儿童等多种因素有关,通过对其实施相应的儿童保健门诊指导干预,能够有效改善患儿的贫血严重程度,促进婴幼儿的健康成长。Objective To explore and analyze the risk factors of nutritional iron deficiency anemia(IDA)in infants and children in child health clinics and the outpatient guidance.Methods 60 children with nutritional iron deficiency anemia received by our children's health care clinic from June 2019 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects,and the risk factors of nutritional iron deficiency anemia in children were observed and analyzed,and the effect of outpatient guidance intervention was analyzed.Results The incidence of anemia in infants from 6 months to 1 year old was higher than that in infants from 1 to 3 years old;the incidence of anemia in term infants was lower than that in preterm infants;the incidence of anemia in infants with anemia during pregnancy was higher than that without anemia during pregnancy;the incidence of anemia in infants aged 4~6 months who did not add complementary foods on time was higher than that in infants who added complementary foods on time;the incidence of anemia in low birth weight infants was higher than that in non low birth weight infants;the incidence of anemia in children with anorexia was higher than that in children without anorexia;the incidence of anemia of left behind children is higher than that of non left behind children.However,there was no significant difference in the incidence of nutritional iron deficiency anemia between artificial feeding,breast feeding and mixed feeding anemia and anemia of different sexes(P>0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of nutritional iron deficiency anemia in infants is mainly related to age,term,maternal anemia,anorexia,failure to add complementary food on time,low birth weight infants,left behind children and other factors.Through the corresponding guidance and intervention of child health clinics,the severity of anemia in children can be effectively improved and the healthy growth of infants can be promoted.

关 键 词：儿童保健门诊 婴幼儿 营养性缺铁性贫血 危险因素 门诊指导 

分 类 号：R725.5[医药卫生—儿科]