珠江大藤峡工程蓄水初期对鱼类生物完整性的影响与减缓对策  

Impacts of the Construction of Datengxia Project on Fish Index of Biotic Integrity in Pearl River and Mitigation Measure

作　　者：胡兴坤 汪鄂洲 李伟涛[1] 朱滨[1] 吕浩 阙延福[1] HU Xing-kun;WANG E-zhou;LI Wei-tao;ZHU Bin;LV Hao;QUE Yan-fu(Hubei Engineering Research Center of Hydroecology Protection and Restoration,Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,China;Chongqing Hechuan District Aquatic Product Development Guidance Station,Chongqing 401520,China)

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,湖北省水生态保护与修复工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430079 [2]重庆市合川区水产发展指导站,重庆401520

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2023年第4期855-867,共13页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：广西大藤峡水利枢纽开发有限责任公司委托项目(DHB2020002)。

摘　　要：鱼类生物完整性指数(F-IBI)评价是进行河流生态系统健康评估的重要基础,也是开展河流生态修复的前提条件。为探究珠江流域大藤峡水利枢纽工程影响水域鱼类资源和栖息生境受人为干扰的影响情况,基于2020~2021年鱼类资源现状以及历史文献资料,构建了基于F-IBI的水生态健康评价体系,评估了大藤峡工程影响水域鱼类生物完整性状况及其受胁迫程度。总体上,大藤峡工程蓄水前后工程影响水域F-IBI变化不大,评价等级均为“一般”,但与历史数据相比,现状调查中珍稀特有鱼类种类数下降明显、外来物种数量有所增加;库尾和典型支流河段鱼类生物完整性水平优于库区和坝下河段。建议长期跟踪评价F-IBI变化情况,识别大藤峡工程蓄水运行造成的生态影响以及水生态保护措施效果,进一步落实开展库尾生境修复、生态调度、外来物种防控等措施,提高区域水生态健康状况。The evaluation of fish index of biotic integrity(F-IBI)is an important basis for ecosystem health assessment,and it is also a prerequisite for ecological restoration.In order to explore the impact on fish resources and habitats in the projectaffected area by the human disturbance,the study constructed a evaluation system ofF-IBI based on the 2020-2021 fish resources survey and historical data,and then evaluated the status of F-IBI and the degree of coercion.In general,the F-IBI has not change muchin the projectaffected area before and after the operation of Datengxia Project,and the evaluation grades were all at the"general"level.However,compared with historical data,the number of rare and endemic fish species has decreased significantly and the number of alien species has increased of the current survey;and then,the F-IBI in the reaches of the reservoir and typical tributarywere better than that of the reservoir area and the lower reaches of the dam.So,it’s necessary to Long-term evaluate the changes of F-IBI,for identify the ecological impact caused by Datangxia Project and the effect of ecological protection measures.Meanwhile,we should implement some measures such as habitat restoration,ecological scheduling and alien species prevention and control,to improve the level of ecological health.

关 键 词：鱼类生物完整性指数 干扰 水电开发 水生态健康 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]