关于马克思主义哲学体系的历史沉思  

A Historical Meditation on the Marxist Philosophical System

作　　者：杨耕[1] Yang Geng

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学价值与文化研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2023年第4期99-121,206,共24页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：苏联马克思主义哲学体系,即辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义“二分结构”体系,初步形成于芬格尔特等人的《辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义》,基本形成于米丁等人的《辩证唯物论与历史唯物论》,弗罗洛夫的《哲学导论》力图建构一种苏联式的人道主义的马克思主义哲学体系;卢卡奇力图以“总体性”为根本原则重建唯物主义辩证法,哈贝马斯力图以“社会交往”为中轴重建历史唯物主义,南斯拉夫的“辩证唯物主义派”力图建构科学性与人道主义相统一的马克思主义哲学体系,原民主德国的柯辛则力图以实践的观点为基础建构辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义“一体化”的马克思主义哲学体系;李达的《社会学大纲》凝聚着中国学者对马克思主义哲学体系的独特理解,并明确提出“当作实践的唯物论看的唯物辩证法”这一命题;艾思奇的《辩证唯物主义历史唯物主义》建构了具有“中国内涵”的辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义体系;刘丹岩、高清海的《论辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义的关系》开启了中国学者对马克思主义哲学体系的新探索;肖前的《马克思主义哲学原理》等力图以实践的观点为理论基础和建构原则重构马克思主义哲学体系。The philosophical system of Soviet Marxism-the dichotomy of dialectical and historical materialism-initially took shape in Finger et al.'s Dialectical and Historical Materialism and was basically formed in Mitin et al.'s Dialectical.Materialism and Historical Materialism.Among other theoreticians,F rolov sought to construct a Soviet-style humanistic Marxist philosophical system in his Introduction to Philosophy.Lukacs strove to reconstruct materialist dialectics with“totality”as its fundamental principle;Habermas tried to reconstruct historical materialism with“social interaction”as its central axis;Yugoslavia's dialectical materialism school attempted to construct a Marxist philosophical system in which science and humanism were united;and Kosin,of East Germany,tried to construct a Marxist system in which dialectical materialism and historical materialism were“integrated”based on a practical perspective.In China,Li Da's Outline of Sociology contains Chinese scholars'unique understanding of the Marxist philosophical system and puts forward the proposition of“regarding materialistic dialectics as practical materialism”;Ai Siqi's Dialectical Materialism,Historical Materialism constructs a dialectical and historical materialism system with“Chinese connotations”;The Relationship between Dialectical Materialism and Historical Materialism by Liu Danyan and Gao Qinghai opens a new exploration of the Marxist philosophical system by Chinese scholars;and Xiao Qian's Principles of Marxist Philosophy attempts to reconstruct the Marxist philosophical system using a practical viewpoint as the theoretical basis and constructive principle.

关 键 词：马克思主义哲学体系 辩证唯物主义 历史唯物主义 实践唯物主义 建构原则 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]