试析德国右翼保守派对《凡尔赛和约》的形象塑造——以1923—1924年间的《德意志汇报》为中心的讨论  

The Image of the Versailles Peace Treaty Constructed by the Right-Wing Conservatives in Germany--Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung during 1923-1924

作　　者：陈珈宝 CHEN Jiabao

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,200240

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2023年第1期32-40,201,共10页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“魏玛德国的第一次世界大战记忆研究”(21BSS032)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：错误的一战记忆是魏玛德国合法性危机的重要根源,深刻影响了共和国的政治发展。1923至1924年间,大工业家斯廷内斯掌控的《德意志汇报》极力攻击《凡尔赛和约》,试图将其塑造为法国压迫德国的象征以及德意志民族的耻辱符号。在此过程中,该报采用造词法、反讽法、隐喻法等策略,诉诸词汇、文学、历史、图像等载体,建构起和约的负面形象。这些叙事策略既延续了普鲁士保守派支持旧秩序、重视言语表述的传统,又展现出保守主义与民族主义合流的新意。魏玛右翼保守派刻意塑造的和约形象本是其现实诉求的反映,但随着时间的推移却促成了有关和约错误的一战记忆。The false memory of World War I was an important source of Weimar Germany's legitimacy crisis which profoundly affected the political development of the republic.From 1923 to 1924,Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung(DAZ),a newspaper controlled by the industrialist Stinnes,attacked the Versailles Peace Treaty and made it a symbol of the French oppression of Germany and of German national shame.In this process,DAZ employed new words,irony,and metaphor to construct a negative image of the treaty by resorting to lexical,literary,historical,and pictorial vehicles.These narrative strategies continuedthePrussian conservativetraditionwhich supported the old order and valued verbal representations,and at the same time they showed the new trend of mergingconservatism with nationalism.The images of the peace treaty deliberately created by the Weimar right-wing conservatives were originally a reflection of their realistic demands,but they contributed to the false memory of the treaty over time.

关 键 词：魏玛共和国 右翼保守派 《凡尔赛和约》 形象塑造 一战记忆 

分 类 号：D751.6[政治法律—政治学]