20世纪科学史中的阿格里科拉:一项编史学考察  

Georgius Agricola in the History of Science of the 20th Century:A Historiographical Survey

作　　者：严弼宸 YAN Bichen(Department of the History of Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学科学史系,北京100084

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2023年第1期131-142,共12页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

摘　　要：阿格里科拉在科学史中的形象屡经变迁。20世纪初,胡佛夫妇的英译本《矿冶全书》将阿格里科拉塑造为科学奠基者,亚当斯撰写的经典地质学史更重扬其“矿物学之父”的名号。50年代中期以来,民主德国对阿格里科拉的宣扬使他在继承科学先驱形象外还带上了鲜明的意识形态与民族主义色彩。而他在思想史上的开创性却逐渐受到英美学界的质疑,其矿物学最终被视为旧的亚里士多德式的知识。直到90年代初,一批科学史学者以新的人文主义纲领重新宣告阿格里科拉的地位,然而对其思想开创性的质疑却始终未得到回应。重回科学思想史,思考阿格里科拉究竟在何种意义上成为“矿物学之父”,已是当前理解他在古今之变中所扮演角色的真正任务。The perception of Georgius Agricola's contribution to science has undergone several changes over time. In the early 20th century, the Hoovers' English translation of De Re Metallica portrayed him as the founder of modern science, while Adams' work on geology history popularized his title as “Father of Mineralogy”. Since the mid-1950s, Agricola has been promoted in a nationalistic and ideological manner by GDR. However, his originality in intellectual history was later questioned by English academia who regarded his mineralogy as obsolete Aristotelian knowledge. It wasn't until the early 1990s that scholars reasserted Agricola's academic value with a new humanist program;however, questions about the originality of his thought remained unanswered. To understand Agricola's role in bridging past and present requires revisiting his contributions to intellectual history and examining what makes him deserving of being called “the Father of Mineralogy”.

关 键 词：阿格里科拉 矿物学 人文主义 《矿冶全书》 科学思想史 编史学 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] G256[文化科学—图书馆学]