口岸传染病排查负压检疫室的设计与管理  

Design and management of negative pressure quarantine room for infectious diseases investigation at port

作　　者：郑文丽 顾大勇[2] 何建安 ZHENG Wenli;GU Dayong;HE Jianan(Shenzhen Customs District,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518033,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳海关,广东深圳518033 [2]深圳市第二人民医院

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2023年第2期127-131,共5页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2021A1515220084);深圳市科技计划项目(ZDSYS20210623092001003,GJHZ20200731095604013,JSGG20200807171602031,201906133000069,SGLH20180625171602058)。

摘　　要：规范传染病排查负压检疫室的设计和管理,对于防止境外疫情传入,保护卫生检疫人员具有重要意义。本文针对口岸疫情防控工作实际,依据传染病医院和负压隔离病房相关标准及海关总署新冠肺炎疫情口岸防控技术方案的相关规定,从区域布局设计、功能区设置、污染控制等方面提出传染病排查负压检疫室的设计与管理要求。传染病排查负压检疫室设计与管理的关键要素是合理规划各功能分区及流线,实现“三区两通道”,控制好各区域的压差,不同污染等级区域压力梯度应符合定向气流原则,保证气流从清洁区→潜在污染区→污染区方向有序流动,通风空调系统、给排水应满足防交叉污染、防扩散、负压环境等要求,在管理上应配备运行控制系统及控制好卫生和环境参数。It is of great significance to standardize the design and management of negative pressure quarantine room for infectious disease screening to prevent the epidemic from spreading across borders and provide effective protection for the health quarantine personnel.In view of the actual epidemic prevention and control at ports,according to the relevant standards of infectious disease hospitals and negative pressure isolation wards and the relevant regulations of the General Administration of Customs on port prevention and control of COVID-19,the design and management requirements of negative pressure quarantine room for infectious disease screening were proposed from the aspects of regional layout design,functional area setting and pollution control.The key elements in design and management of the negative pressure and quarantine room for infectious disease investigation are reasonable planning of each functional partition and streamline,to acheive"three areas and two channels",and better control of the regional differential pressure.The pressure gradient in different pollution level areas should conform to the principle of directional airflow organization,to ensure airflow flows in an orderly direction from the clean area to the potential pollution area,and to pollution area,ventilation and air conditioning system,water supply and drainage system should meet the requirements of anti-cross pollution,anti-diffusion,negative pressure environment.In the management,it should be equipped with an operation control system to control health and environmental parameters effectively.

关 键 词：国境口岸 传染病 负压检疫室 技术要求 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R185[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]