王植《韵学》《韵学臆说》所反映的实际语音及其与河北深泽方音的关系  

The Actual Phonetics Reflected in Yunxue(韵学)and Yunxue yishuo(韵学臆说)and Their Relationship with the Shenze Dialect

作　　者：李军 LI Jun

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学人文学院,成都611756

出　　处：《语言学论丛》2022年第3期124-139,共16页Essays on Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“汉语等韵学著作集成、数据库建设及系列专题研究”(17ZDA302)的资助。

摘　　要：王植《韵学》《韵学臆说》以马自援《等音》“五音十三字首”为理论基础,以韵母为基本单位,以四声韵母见母字为韵首字,参照《直图》的编撰体例与韵图形式,对《诗韵》《广韵》音系进行了分析。其中《韵学臆说》“十三字首群字谱”为帮助北方人辩析入声,各阴声韵字首后以“平入析疑谱”的方式,对实际语音声母、韵母读音相同(即王植所谓“音声相同”)的平、人声字组进行了比较。论文以“十三字首群字谱”为主要研究对象,重点分析了“平入析疑谱”所反映的实际语音特征,归纳了《韵学》《韵学臆说》所反映的实际语音系统,并与现代河北深泽方言进行了比较,揭示了二者之间的语音关系,对三百年来河北深泽方言的演变特征进行了讨论。Wang Zhi's Yunxue and Yunxue yishuo are based on Ma Ziyuan's theory of Wuyin shisan zishou(五音十三字首)in Dengyin(等音),with the final as the basic unit and a character with the jian(见)initial as its representation.Referring to the compilation style and the form of rhyme chart,these two books rearranged the phonetic system of Shiyun(诗韵)and Guangyun(广韵).In order to help the northerners to distinguish the entering tone,a comparison is made between the characters with entering tone and with level tone which had the same initials and finals in the actual sounds.This paper focuses on the analysis of the actual phonetic features reflected in Shisan zishou qunzi pu(十三字首群字谱)as well as Pingru xiyi pu(平人析疑谱),and sums up the actual phonetic features reflected in Wang Zhi's Yunxue and Yunxue yishuo.Compared with the modern Shenze dialect of the Hebei Province,this paper reveals the relationship between the actual pronunciation reflected in the two books and the Shenze dialect,and discusses the changes in the past three hundred years.

关 键 词：《韵学》 《韵学臆说》 平人析疑谱 实际语音 深泽方言 

分 类 号：H172.1[语言文字—汉语]