丙环唑对三七生理生化影响及膳食风险评估  

Effects of propiconazole on physiological and biochemical properties of Panax notoginseng and dietary risk assessment

作　　者：郑子秀 邱丽莎 郑凯 郭兰萍[3] 崔秀明[1,2] 年洪娟 李应才[4] 黄绍军 杨野 ZHENG Zi-xiu;QIU Li-sha;ZHENG Kai;GUO Lan-ping;CUI Xiu-ming;NIAN Hong-juan;LI Ying-cai;HUANG Shao-jun;YANG Ye(Faculty of Life Science and Technology,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng,Kunming 650500,China;National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Kunming Institute of Food and Drug Control,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省三七重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [3]中国中医科学院中药资源中心,北京100700 [4]昆明市食品药品检验所,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2023年第5期1203-1211,共9页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(8196140739);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);云南省重大科技专项(202102AA310034);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1000201)。

摘　　要：为了研究丙环唑处理后三七各部位残留量与膳食风险,及其对三七的生理生化影响,该研究采用盆栽实验叶面喷施丙环唑的方式研究了其残留特征,对三七叶片损伤、渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化酶系统和非酶系统及主根中皂苷含量的影响。结果表明,在施用浓度相同的情况下,丙环唑在三七各部位的残留量随施药次数的增加而增加,随采收间隔期的延长而降低。按人参推荐剂量(132 g·hm^(-2))施药1次,其半衰期为11.37~13.67 d,在三七中施药1~2次后,丙环唑对食用人群膳食摄入风险较低。推荐浓度及以上的丙环唑处理可以造成三七叶片MDA含量和相对电导率的显著升高,活性氧物质的累积,促进渗透调节物质含量的显著升高。1/2人参推荐剂量(66 g·hm^(-2))丙环唑处理即可促进三七叶片中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的显著升高,推荐浓度以上丙环唑处理抑制谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)活性,从而降低还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量。丙环唑处理可以改变三七主根5种主要皂苷的比例,1/2人参推荐剂量促进皂苷累积,推荐浓度以上丙环唑处理显著抑制皂苷的累积。综上所述,根据人参推荐剂量使用丙环唑防治三七病害,会对三七产生胁迫作用,1/2人参推荐剂量对三七不会造成胁迫,而且会促进皂苷的累积,但其对三七病害的防效仍需加强研究。To study the residue and dietary risk of propiconazole in Panax notoginseng and the effects on physiological and bioche-mical properties of P.notoginseng,we conducted foliar spraying of propiconazole on P.notoginseng in pot experiments.The physiolo-gical and biochemical properties studied included leaf damage,osmoregulatory substance content,antioxidant enzyme system,non-enzymatic system,and saponin content in the main root.The results showed that at the same application concentration,the residual amount of propiconazole in each part of P.notoginseng increased with the increase in the times of application and decreased with the extension of harvest interval.After one-time application of propiconazole according to the recommended dose(132 g·hm^(-2))for P.ginseng,the half-life was 11.37-13.67 days.After 1-2 times of application in P.notoginseng,propiconazole had a low risk of dietary intake and safety threat to the population.The propiconazole treatment at the recommended concentration and above significantly increased the malondialdehyde(MDA)content,relative conductivity,and osmoregulatory substances and caused the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in P.notoginseng leaves.The propiconazole treatment at half(66 g·hm^(-2))of the recommended dose for P.ginseng significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),and catalase(CAT)in P.notoginseng leaves.The propiconazole treatment at 132 g·hm^(-2)above inhibited the activities of glutathione reductase(GR)and glutathione S-transferase(GST),thereby reducing glutathione(GSH)content.Proconazole treatment changed the proportion of 5 main saponins in the main root of P.notoginseng.The treatment with 66 g·hm^(-2)propiconazole promoted the accumulation of saponins,while that with 132 g·hm^(-2)and above propiconazole significantly inhibited the accumulation of saponins.In summary,using propiconazole at 132 g·hm^(-2)to prevent and treat P.notoginseng diseases will cause stress on P.notoginseng,while propiconazole treatment at 66 g·hm^

关 键 词：三七 丙环唑 氧化胁迫 农药残留 膳食风险 

分 类 号：S567.236[农业科学—中草药栽培] R284.1[农业科学—作物学]