博弈视角下国际舆论战中的法律话语——以“南海仲裁案”为例  

Legal Discourse in International Public Opinion Wars from the Perspective of Game Theo The South China Sea Arbitration Case

作　　者：聂书江 姚泽金 Nie Shujiang;Yao Zejin

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学光明新闻传播学院

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2023年第4期65-83,127,共20页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“基于国际法的突发公共事件国际传播及国际话语权提升策略研究”(项目编号:21BXW055)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：随着中美舆论战的加剧,话语选择的作用越来越凸显出来。传统国际传播理论的一个核心观点是通过新闻事实来构建舆论战话语。然而,新媒体背景下新闻事实与舆论战结果之间并非线性因果关系,传统理论未能为应对新型舆论战提供新理论指导。从事实的法律维度出发,论文提出以法律话语应对国际舆论战。法律事实的价值在于提供法律证据,从而使法律事实比新闻事实更具有说服力。对于国际法律而言,法律话语可分为法律内话语、法律间话语和形象化惩罚。通过对南海仲裁案舆论战的研究发现,不同类型的话语为舆论战提供不同的路径选择。论文认为,媒体不应该将严肃的国际法律问题儿戏化。如果把国际法看成了事实思维报道逻辑下的浅层次“闹剧”问题,不但不能抓住法律话语的武器本质,而且也没有从国际法与国际道义的角度引领国际话语。As the war of public opinion between China and the United States intensifies,the role of discourse choice is becoming more and more prominent.One of the core viewpoints of traditional international communication theory is to construct a public opinion war discourse through news facts.However,under the background of new media,there is no linear causal relationship between news facts and the results of public opinion war,and traditional theories fail to provide new theoretical guidance for emerging wars of public opinion.Starting from the legal dimension of facts,this paper puts forward a legal discourse to fight such wars.The value of legal facts lies in providing legal evidence.Legal facts are more convincing than news facts.For international law,legal discourse can be divided into internal legal discourse,interlegal discourse,and visual punishment.This research found that different types of discourse provide different paths for the war of public opinion.This paper argues that media should not trivialize serious international legal issues.If international law is regarded as a superficial“farce”under the logic of factual thinking and reporting,it will not only fail to grasp the nature of legal discourse as a weapon,but also will fail to guide international discourse from the perspective of international law and international morality.

关 键 词：真相话语 法律话语 法律事实 国际法 博弈论 

分 类 号：D99[政治法律—国际法学] G206[政治法律—法学]