海军飞行员睡眠质量及影响因素分析  

Analysis on sleep quality and influencing factors of naval pilots

作　　者：罗泰来 姚永杰 陈莉 董莉 LUO Tai-lai;YAO Yong-jie;CHEN Li;DONG Li(Aviation Medical Research Office of Research DepartmentNaval Special Medical Center,Naval Medical University of PLA,Shanghai,200433,China;Department of Reproductive MedicineNaval Special Medical Center,Naval Medical University of PLA,Shanghai,200433,China;Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Naval and Air Service,Naval Special Medical Center,Naval Medical University of PLA,Shanghai,200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学海军特色医学中心研究部航空医学研究室,上海200433 [2]海军军医大学海军特色医学中心生殖医学科,上海200433 [3]海军军医大学海军特色医学中心海空勤中医科,上海200433

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第7期919-922,927,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：“十三五”军队重点学科专业建设项目(2020SZ06-14,2020SZ19-1)。

摘　　要：目的了解海军飞行员睡眠质量,分析其影响因素,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法2021年12月,以海军某部87名飞行员为调查对象,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)和睡眠相关因素自制量表进行睡眠质量和影响因素调查,并对数据进行分析。结果海军飞行员睡眠质量得分为(5.22±2.66)分,高于国内常模[(3.88±2.52)分],低于军医大学学员[(6.05±2.65)分](均P<0.01),各因子中睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠效率、日间功能障碍明显高于国内常模(均P<0.05),睡眠时间明显低于国内常模和军医大学学员(均P<0.05),19.5%的飞行员睡眠质量差。不同睡眠习惯、噪音大小、饮食习惯和训练满意度的飞行员睡眠质量差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。环境因子、人际关系因子、运动习惯因子、生活习惯因子、训练因子与海军飞行员睡眠质量均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。结论海军飞行员睡眠质量受居住条件、饮食习惯和训练压力多方面影响。航空医生要多关注飞行员睡眠质量问题,军队管理在综合考虑的基础上,改善睡眠环境、调整飞行员饮食结构和减轻其思想压力,提高飞行员睡眠质量。Objective To investigate the sleep quality of naval pilots,analyze its influencing factors,and provide evidence for the development of intervention measures.Methods In December 2021,taking 90 pilots from a certain navy as the research object,the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)scale and the self-made sleep-related factor scale were used to investigate the sleep quality and influencing factors,and the data were analyzed.Results The sleep quality score of naval pilots was(5.22±2.66)points,which was higher than the domestic norm[(3.88±2.52)points]and lower than the score of cadets of the military medical university[(6.05±2.65)points](both P<0.01).Among the factors,the scores of sleep quality,sleep latency,sleep efficiency,and daytime dysfunction were significantly higher than those in the domestic norms(all P<0.05),while score of sleep time was significantly lower than that of domestic norm and military medical university cadets(all P<0.05),and 19.5%of the pilots had poor sleep quality.There were statistically significant differences in sleep quality among pilots with different sleep habit,noise level,eating habit and training satisfaction(all P<0.05).The environmental factors,interpersonal factors,exercise habit factors,living habit factors,and training factors were related to the sleep quality of naval pilots(all P<0.05).Conclusions The sleep quality of naval pilots is affected by various factors,such as living conditions,dietary habits and training stress.The aviation doctors should pay more attention to the sleep quality of pilots.On the basis of comprehensive consideration,military management personnel should improve the sleeping environment,adjust the diet structure of pilots,reduce their mental pressure,and improve the sleep quality of pilots.

关 键 词：海军飞行员 睡眠质量 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]