0~24月龄婴幼儿过敏性疾病的宫内致敏因素研究  

Study on intrauterine sensitization factors of allergic diseases in infants aged 0 to 24 months

作　　者：卜凡 于晓红 陆秋娴 崔佳 李毓萍[4] 肖冠坤 何苗 沈曦 李鸣 BU Fan;YU Xiao-hong;LU Qiu-xian;CUI Jia;LI Yu-ping;XIAO Guan-kun;HE Miao;SHEN Xi;LI Ming(West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川成都610041 [2]四川大学华西-协和陈志潜卫生健康研究院营养代谢及食品安全研究中心,四川成都610041 [3]四川成都龙泉驿妇幼保健院 [4]四川大学华西第二医院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第9期1599-1604,1611,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81372982)。

摘　　要：目的了解0~24月龄内婴幼儿过敏性疾病的流行现状,探讨该疾病与宫内致敏因素的关系,为预防婴幼儿过敏性疾病的发生提供理论依据。方法采用巢式病例对照研究的方法,选取2015年9月—2017年6月于四川大学华西第二医院生产的母婴作为研究队列,婴幼儿0~24月龄发生过敏性疾病的母婴作为病例组,以母亲生产年龄与病例组±2岁、生产方式、婴幼儿性别、婴幼儿出生体重与病例组±0.5 kg、出生身长±1㎝为条件按照1:3匹配队列中的其他研究对象为对照组,分析0~24月龄内婴幼儿过敏性疾病的宫内致敏因素。结果本次研究中共纳入3018对母婴,其中,24月龄内有380例婴幼儿发生了过敏性疾病,累积发病率为12.6%。多因素条件logistic回归分析发现24月龄内的宫内致敏危险因素有:祖父母过敏史(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.00~2.16)、经常接触动物毛屑(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.16~2.69)或昆虫(OR=2.85,95%CI:1.75~4.64)、食用坚果频率>4次/月(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.15~1.26)。结论祖父母过敏史、母亲孕期经常接触昆虫和动物毛屑、经常食用坚果是婴幼儿过敏性疾病的危险因素,针对不同的情况进行合理干预对于过敏性疾病的一级预防有重要意义。Objective To understand the epidemic status of allergic diseases in infants aged 0 to 24 months and explore the relationship between allergic diseases and intrauterine sensitization factors,so as to provide theoretical basis for preventing the occurrence of allergic diseases in infants.Methods Using the method of nested case-control study,the mothers and infants born in the Second Hospital of West China,Sichuan University from September,2015 to June,2017 were selected as the study cohort,and the mothers and infants with allergic diseases at the age of 0 to 24 months were selected as the case group.At the case control match ratio of 1:3,the control group was matched according to mother’s age(±2 years),mode of birth,baby’s sex,baby’s birth weight(±0.5 kg),and birth length(±1 cm).The intrauterine sensitization factors of allergic diseases in infants aged 0-24 months were analyzed.Results A total of 3018 pairs of mothers and infants were included in this study.Among them,380 infants within 24 months of age had allergic diseases,with a cumulative incidence rate of 12.6%.Multi-factor conditional logistic regression analysis found that the risk factors of intrauterine sensitization were:grandparent allergy history(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.00-2.16),frequent contact with animal dander(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.16-2.69)or insects(OR=2.85,95%CI:1.75-4.64),and nut consumption frequency>4 times/month(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.15-1.26).Conclusion Grandparents’allergy history,mothers’frequent contact with insects,animal dander,and edible nuts during pregnancy are risk factors for allergic diseases in infants and young children.Reasonable intervention based on different conditions is of great significance for the primary prevention of allergic diseases.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 过敏性疾病 宫内致敏因素 巢式病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]