连江县2013—2022年水痘疫情流行特征分析  

Analysis of Varicella Epidemic Characteristics in Lianjiang County from 2013 to 2022

作　　者：林慧 滕君燕 LIN Hui;TENG Junyan(Lianjiang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Fuzhou,Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350500,China)

机构地区：[1]连江县疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350500

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2023年第13期76-78,82,共4页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析连江县2013—2022年水痘疫情的流行特征,总结疫苗接种情况,为完善防控措施提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集的2013—2022年连江县水痘个案信息,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果2013—2022年全县共上报水痘病例1135例,年均发病率为19.05/10万,2013—2019年发病率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)=44.965,P=0.000),发病高峰主要在每年的10月到次年的1月,其次在5~7月;以全县文化中心的凤城镇年发病率占比最高,占总病例的40.80%;男性平均发病率为20.73/10万,女性平均发病率为17.23/10万,男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.663,P=0.002)。7~14岁组发病率最高,为84.36/10万;发病职业分布主要是学生为主,占总病例数的54.63%。结论连江县2013—2022年水痘疫情常年发生,呈现明显季节性。7~14组学生为主要易感人群,水痘疫苗接种率低,需要重视学生人群的水痘预防,加强部门间联动,针对性制定水痘疫情防控措施,对适龄人群开展水痘疫苗查漏补种,形成有效的免疫屏障以避免聚集性水痘疫情的发生。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of varicella in Lianjiang County from 2013 to 2022,summarize the vaccination situation,and provide evidence for improving prevention and control measures.Methods Information on varicella cases in Lianjiang County from 2013 to 2022 collected by the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System was analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 1135 cases were reported in Lianjiang Country from 2013 to 2022,and the average annual incidence rate was 19.05/100000.Incidence rate increased from 2013 to 2019(χ^(2)=44.965,P=0.000).The peak incidence is mainly from October to January of the next year and(secondly)from May to July,fengcheng town,the cultural center of the county,has the highest annual incidence rate,accounting for 40.80%of the total cases.The average incidence rate of men was 20.73/100000,and the average incidence rate of women was 17.23/100000.There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of men and women(χ^(2)=9.663,P=0.002).The incidence rate of 7-14 years old group was the highest,84.36/100000;The occupational distribution of the disease is mainly among students,accounting for 54.63% of the total number of cases.Conclusions The varicella epidemic in lianjiang county from 2013 to 2022 occurred all year round,showing obvious seasonal characteristics,showing obvious seasonality.Groups 7-14 students are the main susceptible population,there is low vaccination rate of varicella vaccine,it is necessary to attach importance to the prevention ofvaricella among the student population,strengthen interdepartmental linkage,formulate targeted measures for the prevention and control of varicella epidemics,carry out leak detection and replacement vaccination of varicella vaccines for the school-age population,and form an effective immune barrier to avoid the occurrence of clustered varicella epidemics.

关 键 词：水痘 连江县 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R511.5[医药卫生—内科学]