大麻白绢病生防菌贝莱斯芽孢杆菌的筛选鉴定及发酵条件优化  

Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria against Hemp Southern Blight and Optimization of Fermentation Conditions

作　　者：王芳 曹璐 秦菁菁 林宇丰 许秀美[5] 张政兵[5] 李新文[5] 李毅 程毅[2] 孙正祥[1] WANG Fang;CAO Lu;QIN linging;LIN Yufeng;XU Xiumei;ZHANG Zhengbing;LI Xinwen;Li Yi;CHENG Yi;SUN Zhengxiang(Agriculural College of Yanglze University,Jingzhou 434000,Hubei,China;Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Seiences,Changsha 410221,Hunan,China;College of Horticulure,Hunan Agricultural Univensily,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;College of Plant Protection,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;Hunan Plant Protection Plant Inspection Station,Changsha 410016,Hunan,Chima)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434000 [2]中国农业科学院麻类研究所/南方经济作物研究中心,湖南长沙410221 [3]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128 [4]湖南农业大学植物与保护学院,湖南长沙410128 [5]湖南省植保植检站,湖南长沙410006

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2023年第2期66-75,96,共11页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：中国农业科学院创新工程(ASTIP-IBFC-04);湖南省植保植检站植物防疫防控科研项目(HNZB202103)。

摘　　要：大麻白绢病是由齐整小核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)引起的一种严重土传病害,主要危害大麻茎基部和根部,给生产带来巨大损失。该研究旨在分离大麻内生细菌,并从中筛选挖掘大麻白绢病生防菌资源。试验采用稀释涂布和平板对峙法进行大麻内生生防菌挖掘与筛选,根据菌株形态学特征、生理生化特性以及16S rDNA基因序列分析进行菌株鉴定,通过盆栽防效实验验证其生防效果,采用单因素试验及响应面设计试验优化其产生抑菌活性物质的发酵条件。试验获得一株对大麻白绢病菌具有显著拮抗作用的内生细菌024A,该菌株被鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),其盆栽相对防效可达87.1%,具有良好的生防开发潜力。响应面法获得菌株024A的最佳发酵条件为:酵母粉浓度14.12 g/L、葡萄糖浓度11.84 g/L、发酵温度31.56℃、发酵时间17.91 h,预测抑菌率最高可达89.27%。The hemp southern blight is a serious soil-borne disease caused by clerotium rolfsii Sacc.,which mainly infect the stem and root of plants and causes huge losses to hemp production.The purpose of this experiment was to screen antagonistic bacteria with strong antibacterial effect on industrial hemp southern blight pathogen.Antagonistic bacteria were screened by dilution coating and plate confrontation method.The strains were identified according to the morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis.The biocontrol effect was determined by pot experiment.Through single factor experiment and response surface design experiment,the fermentation conditions for producing antibacterial active substances were optimized to achieve the best state of the strain to inhibit the pathogen of hemp southern blight,which laid a foundation for its biocontrol application.An endophytic bacterium 024A with significant antagonistic effect on Sclerotium rolfsii was obtained by screening.The strain was identified as Bacillus velezensis and had antagonistic effect on various plant pathogenic fungi.Pot experiments showed that the relative control effect was 87.1%.The optimum fermentation conditions of strain 024A obtained by response surface methodology were as follows:yeast powder concentration 14.12 g/L,glucose concentration 11.84 g/L,fermentation temperature 31.56℃,fermentation time 17.91 h,and the predicted inhibition rate was 89.27%.

关 键 词：贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 生防活性 发酵培养 条件优化 

分 类 号：S563.3[农业科学—作物学]