固化三音词研究的若干理论思索  

Some Theoretical Thoughts on the Study of Solidified Trisyllabic Words

作　　者：李思旭[1] LI Sixu(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,Anhui)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《阜阳师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期60-67,共8页Journal of Fuyang Normal University：Social Science

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“三音节固化词语的词汇化、语法化和构式化研究”(17BYY162)。

摘　　要：汉语的一些派生词缀在词性上不稳定,具有跨词类倾向,进而可引申为构词图式具有跨词类性。固化三音词中的轻声字,可以从词的内部结构关系上得到解释。固化三音词的产生大多是在相应的双音词基础上,通过词汇化、概念叠加与构式整合等语法手段,或者同义词复合、词法模式等词汇手段而产生的。文章对构词图式进行了一些尝试性的理论思索:1)固化三音词的构式图式,按照空槽位置的不同,可分为前图式、中图式、后图式和框式图式;按照空槽数量的不同,可分为单空槽和双空槽;2)三音节构词图式在图式性、能产性、组合性方面存在差异;3)三音节构词图式具有层级性。Some derivative affixes in Chinese are unstable in part of speech and tend to cross parts of speech,and it can be further extended to the fact that the word-formation schema has cross-parts of speech.The light tone words in the solidified trisyllabic words can be explained from the internal structure of the words.The formation of solidified trisyllabic words is mostly based on the corresponding bisyllabic words,and is generated by grammatical means such as lexicalization,concept superposition and construction integration,or lexical means such as synonym combination and lexical pattern.Some tentative theoretical thinking has been carried out on word-formation schema:1)According to the position of the open slot,the construction schema of the solidified trisyllabic words can be divided into front schema,middle schema,back schema and frame schema;According to the number of open slots,it can be divided into single empty slot and double empty slot;2)There are differences in the three syllable word-formation schema in the aspects of schema,productivity and combination;3)The three-syllable word-formation schema is hierarchical.

关 键 词：固化三音词 “V不C” 词汇构式化 构词图式 构式空槽 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]