生产建设项目工程堆积体土壤侵蚀预测模型构建  

Soil Erosion Prediction Model for Spoil Heaps in Production and Construction Projects

作　　者：王文龙 李建明[2,3] 康宏亮[4] 郭明明 李宏伟 WANG Wenlong;LI Jianming;KANG Hongliang;GUO Mingming;LI Hongwei(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010;School of Land Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150081;Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project Construction Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710000)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,陕西杨凌712100 [3]长江水利委员会长江科学院,武汉430010 [4]长安大学土地工程学院,西安710054 [5]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,哈尔滨150081 [6]陕西省引汉济渭工程建设有限公司,西安710000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2023年第3期27-34,42,共9页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业专项(201201048,201201047);中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-13);国家自然科学基金项目(41701316)。

摘　　要：为建立适用于我国不同区域生产建设项目工程堆积体土壤侵蚀预测模型,在通用土壤侵蚀模型(universal soil loss equation,USLE)框架下,室内概化模拟不同土壤质地、坡度坡长、砾石质量分数等工况下的工程堆积体,通过大量人工模拟降雨试验,修订模型各因子,构建工程堆积体土壤侵蚀量预测模型,并对其进行验证。研究明确工程堆积体标准小区及各因子定义及计算方法,提出采用土石质因子代替传统的土壤可蚀性因子以便更加符合工程堆积体实际,构建以幂函数计算的坡度、坡长因子,与砾石质量分数的指数函数计算的土石质因子和降雨侵蚀力因子相乘的工程堆积体侵蚀量预测模型。经率定与验证,模型预测效果良好(R2>0.8),且能适用于不同区域及工况下工程堆积体边坡土壤流失量预测,该模型参数少且易获取并具有物理意义,现场操作性和实用性强。研究成果为生产建设项目水土保持工作及水行政主管部门的监督执法提供技术指导及科学依据,具有较大的科学意义与指导生产实践价值。The study aims to establish a soil loss prediction model in spoil heaps of production and construction projects for different regions in our country.A series of indoors artificial simulated rainfall tests were carried out on the spoil heaps with different soil texture,slope length and gravel content.The soil loss prediction model of spoil heaps was established in the framework of Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE),and the factor parameters were revised.The study clarified the definition of the standard plot of the engineering spoil heaps and the methods to calculate each factor and proposes to use the soil-rock factor to replace the traditionally used erodibility factor,as to be more consistent with the actual situation.The results showed that the power function is used to calculate the spoil heaps slope degree and slope length factor,and the soil and rock factor is calculated by the exponential function combined with the gravel mass fraction,which can effectively predict the rainfall events erosion of the spoil heaps.The calculation method of the model was to multiply rainfall erosivity,slope degree,slope length and soil and rock factor.The calibration and verification showed the model prediction effect is good,which can be applied to different soil types of engineering spoil heaps.The parameters of each factor of the model were easy to obtain and had physical meaning,and the field operability and practicability were strong.Results provide technical guidance and scientific basis for the soil and water conservation work of production and construction projects and the supervision and law enforcement of water administrative departments,and have great scientific significance and production application and guiding value.

关 键 词：工程堆积体 预测模型 土石质因子 参数修订 生产建设项目 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]