木醋液对不同品种小麦富集转运Cd以及根际土壤Cd形态转化的影响  

Effects of Wood Vinegar on Accumulation and Transport of Cd in Different Wheat Cultivars and Transformation of Cd Forms in Rhizosphere Soil

作　　者：叶佳润 吴苗苗 周新元 孙彬浩 刘世亮[1] 赵颖[1] 刘芳[1] YE Jiarun;WU Miaomiao;ZHOU Xinyuan;SUN Binhao;LIU Shiliang;ZHAO Ying;LIU Fang(College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2023年第3期362-368,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：河南省农业农村厅重点项目(30801910)。

摘　　要：为探讨木醋液在重金属污染农田土壤修复应用的可行性,采用田间小区试验,研究木醋液施用对Cd污染农田中当地3个普遍种植品种小麦的生长及对重金属镉(Cd)的富集、转运及根际土壤Cd含量和形态等指标的影响。结果表明:施用木醋液显著提高各品种小麦籽粒和秸秆的生物量(p<0.05),各品种小麦秸秆Cd分布系数提高8.91%~20.44%,而籽粒和根的分布系数分别降低13.93%~35.93%,4.76%~18.76%;各品种小麦秸秆和根的Cd富集系数显著提高(p<0.05),表现为C品种>A品种>B品种;各品种小麦Cd在根—秸秆转运系数(TF根—秸秆)显著提高(p<0.05),而Cd在秸秆—籽粒转运系数(TF秸秆—籽粒)除C品种外均显著降低(p<0.05)。各品种小麦根际土Cd含量比种植前分别降低0.26,0.23,0.21 mg/kg,施加木醋液处理根际土Cd含量比种植前降低13.11%~16.97%。小麦种植前后土壤Cd的赋存形态差异显著(p<0.05),可交换态和铁锰氧化物结合态显著提高(p<0.05),有机物结合态、残渣态显著降低(p<0.05)。因此,施加木醋液显著提高小麦各部位生物量(p<0.05),对籽粒Cd含量影响不显著,增加根部向秸秆的转运系数,有助于小麦秸秆对Cd的积累,但不增加小麦籽粒的超标风险,可通过秸秆离田这一措施将Cd从农田土壤逐步移除。In order to explore the feasibility of wood vinegar in remediation of heavy metal contaminated farmland soil,a field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of wood vinegar application on the growth of three local wheat varieties in Cd contaminated farmland,the Cd accumulation and translocation in wheat,and the content and form of Cd in rhizosphere soil.The results showed that the application of wood vinegar significantly increased the biomass of wheat grains and straw(p<0.05),and the Cd distribution coefficients of straw increased from 8.91% to 20.44%,while that of grains and roots decreased from 13.93% to 35.93% and 4.76% to 18.76%,respectively.The bioaccumulation factor of Cd in straw and roots of different wheat varieties all significantly increased,showing that variety C>variety A>variety B.The translocation factor of Cd in root-straw(TF root-straw)was significantly increased in all wheat varieties,while the translocation coefficients of Cd in straw-grain(TF straw-grain)was significantly decreased except variety C.Compared with before planting,the Cd content in rhizosphere soil of each variety of wheat decreased by 0.26,0.23 and 0.21 mg/kg,respectively,and the Cd content in rhizosphere soil treated with wood vinegar decreased by 13.11%~16.97%.The forms of Cd in soil were significantly different before and after wheat planting,the exchangeable state and Fe-Mn oxide bound state were significantly increased(p<0.05),while the organic matter bound state and residual state were significantly decreased(p<0.05).Therefore,the application of wood vinegar significantly increased the biomass of each part of wheat,and had no significant impact on the content of Cd in grains,and increased the translocation factor of root to straw,which contributed to the accumulation of Cd in wheat straw,but did not increase the risk of wheat grain exceeding the standard,the Cd could be gradually removed from farmland soil through straw leaving.

关 键 词：土壤重金属污染 木醋液 CD 小麦 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]