高粱种质资源抗靶斑病和炭疽病鉴定与评价  

Evaluation of Sorghum Germplasms Resistance to Sorghum Anthracnose and Target Leaf Spot

作　　者：徐婧[1] 胡兰[1] 姜钰[1] 程洪森[2] 徐秀德[1] XU Jing;HU Lan;JIANG Yu;CHENG Hong-sen;XU Xiu-de(Institute of Plant Protection,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shengyang 110161;Institute of Economics Crops,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Liaoyang 111000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院植物保护研究所,沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省农业科学院经济作物研究所,辽阳111000

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2023年第3期896-902,共7页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-06);辽宁省农业科学院基本科研业务费计划项目(2021HQ1903)。

摘　　要：采用人工接种技术,2019-2020年对美国、印度、澳大利亚及中国的高粱雄性不育系(A)及相应的保持系(B)共166份材料进行高粱靶斑病(Bipolaris sorghicola)和高粱炭疽病(Colletotrichum sublineolum)抗性鉴定。结果表明,对高粱靶斑病表现高抗(HR)的资源26份,占总数的15.66%;抗病(R)资源34份,占总数20.48%;中抗(MR)资源42份,占总数的25.30%;感病(S)资源46份,占总数的27.71%;高感(HS)资源18份,占总数的10.84%。对高粱炭疽病表现高抗(HR)的资源8份,占总数的4.82%;抗病(R)资源84份,占总数的50.60%;中抗(MR)资源56份,占总数33.73%;感病(S)资源14份,占总数的8.43%;高感(HS)资源4份,占总数的2.41%。由结果可知,雄性不育系与其相应的保持系对高粱靶斑病的抗感特性不存在差异,但极少数品系(Tx2790、91NF18、KSP335)对高粱炭疽病的抗感特性存在差异。供试材料中美国的抗高粱靶斑病和炭疽病资源所占比例较大,因此应加强国外种质资源的引进和改良。本研究共鉴定出兼抗高粱靶斑病和炭疽病的材料38份,包括美国20份,中国16份,印度2份,丰富了我国高粱抗病基因资源,有助于加快高粱抗病资源创新和品种选育进程。Using artificial inoculation technique,a total of 166 sorghum male-sterile and maintainer lines which introduced from the countries of the USA,India,Australia and China,were evaluated for resistance against the diseases of sorghum target leaf spot(TLS)and sorghum anthracnose(SA)at 2019 and 2020.The results showed 26 accessions highly resistant(HR)to target leaf spot accounting for 15.66%.Thirty-four accessions rated as resistance(R)to TLS accounted for 20.48%,and 42 accessions rated as moderately resistance(MR)to TLS accounted for 25.30%.Forty-six and 18 accessions,which were rated as susceptible(S)and highly susceptible(HS)to TLS,accounted for 27.71%and 10.84%respectively.There were eight accessions rated as highly resistant(HR)to sorghum anthracnose accounting for 4.82%.Eighty-four and 56 accessions rated as resistance(R)and moderately resistance(MR),accounted for 50.60%and 33.73%,respectively.There were 14 accessions rated as susceptible(S)and 4 accessions rated as highly susceptible(HS)to SA,accounting for 8.43%and 2.41%,respectively.The results indicated that there was no resistance difference between sorghum male-sterile and maintainer lines to TLS.And there was no resistance difference between most male-sterile and maintainer lines to SA,except for Tx2790,91NF18 and KSP335.The proportion of the USA resistance sources to TLS and SA was much larger than the other countries.Therefore,the introduction and improvement of foreign germplasm resources should be strengthened.Thirty-eight accessions were found being simultaneously resistant to both TLS and SA,including 20 American accessions,16 Chinese accessions and 2 Indian accessions.These resistant sources used in sorghum breeding should aid in expanding the resistance gene diversity and in the development of new resistant varieties.

关 键 词：高粱 靶斑病 炭疽病 抗性鉴定 

分 类 号：S435.14[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]