古籍拍品明初小黄册文书的发现与浅析  

Auction of Ancient Books—The Discovery and Brief Analysis of the Small Yellow Register in the Early Ming Dynasty

作　　者：耿洪利 Geng Hongli(School of History and Culture,Wuhan University,Wuhan,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史文化学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《社会科学论坛》2023年第3期37-44,共8页Tribune of Social Sciences

基　　金：2022年国家社会科学基金青年项目《新见小黄册文书与明初乡村基层社会治理研究》阶段性成果,项目批号:22CZS033。

摘　　要：明洪武早期曾在南方部分地区试行过一种赋役册籍,学界谓之“小黄册”,是研究明代里甲及黄册制度发展演变的重要实物文献资料。新发现藏于民间的公文纸印本《魏书》残卷纸背小黄册,不仅丰富了国内小黄册实物原件的数量,也构成了学界小黄册第三次重要发现。经考证并结合版本分析发现,新发现《魏书》残卷与上海图书馆和四川省图书馆所藏公文纸印本《魏书》残卷属同一版本,且正好补齐上海图书馆所藏《魏书》残卷所缺;通过对部分纸背内容的解读和分析,在考证其攒造地域为浙江处州府龙泉县的基础上,明确里甲人户的轮役方式为“穿甲法”。另,新发现小黄册中有关洪武三年甲首户的登载,也为研究明初里甲制度的起点和赋役制度的重建等问题提供了新的线索。In the early Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty,a kind of tax and service book was in a trial in some areas of the south.The academic circles called it the “Small Yellow Register”,which is an important physical document for studying the development and evolution of the “Lijia” and Yellow Book system in the Ming Dynasty.The Small Yellow Register on the paper back of the remnant volume of Wei Shu,a newly discovered official document printed in the folk,not only enriched the number of domestic Small Yellow Register physical originals,but also constituted the third important discovery of Small Yellow Register in academic circles.Through textual research and version analysis,it is found that the fragments of Wei Shu are the same version as those of the printed official document Wei Shu collected by Shanghai Library and Sichuan Provincial Library,and they just complement the missing fragments of Wei Shu collected by Shanghai Library.Through the interpretation and analysis of some of the contents of the paper back,and on the basis of the textual research that its production area is Longquan County,Chuzhou Prefecture,Zhejiang Province,and it is clear that the rotation service mode of the people and households in “Lijia”is “Chuanjia Method”.In addition,the newly discovered Small Yellow Register publication of the first household in the third year of Hongwu's reign also provides new clues for the study of the starting point of the “Lijia” system and the reconstruction of the tax system in the early Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：民间私藏 《魏书》 攒造地域 里甲轮役 

分 类 号：K248.1[历史地理—历史学]