核用2.25Cr-1Mo钢在不同环境下的微动磨损性能  

Fretting Wear Properties of Nuclear 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel in Different Environments

作　　者：王立闻 陈旭东 王俊 冯铄 汤瑞 莫堃 官雪梅 张强升 蔡振兵[2] WANG Li-wen;CHEN Xu-dong;WANG Jun;FENG Shuo;TANG Rui;MO Kun;GUAN Xue-mei;ZHANG Qiang-sheng;CAI Zhen-bing(DEC Academy of Science and Technology Co.,LTD,Chengdu 611731,China;Tribology Research Institute,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,MEE,Beijing 100082,China)

机构地区：[1]东方电气集团科学技术研究院有限公司,成都611731 [2]西南交通大学摩擦学研究所,成都610031 [3]生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082

出　　处：《表面技术》2023年第3期161-171,共11页Surface Technology

基　　金：四川省科技项目(2022ZYD0029,2022JDJQ0019);国家自然科学基金(U2067221)。

摘　　要：目的研究核用2.25Cr-1Mo钢在不同环境下的微动磨损性能。方法采用自制的切向微动磨损试验设备,在4种环境(温室RT/大气、RT/水、450℃/大气和450℃/液态钠)下对2.25Cr-1Mo钢进行了切向微动磨损试验。试验参数为:法向载荷20 N,运动频率5 Hz,位移幅值50μm,循环次数10^(5)和2×10^(5)。试验前,采用维氏硬度仪测量了2.25Cr-1Mo钢在室温和450℃高温下的硬度。试验后,采用Bruker白光干涉显微镜测量了磨痕的三维形貌并获得了截面轮廓和磨损量。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)分析磨痕表面和横截面的微观形貌以及摩擦化学反应。结果2.25Cr-1Mo钢在不同环境下表现出不同的磨损性能。450℃液态钠环境下的磨损量最大,大于450℃和室温大气环境下的磨损量;室温水环境下的磨损最小。经过10^(5)微动循环后,2.25Cr-1Mo钢在450℃液态钠和室温水环境下表现出最大和最小的磨损率,分别为4.17×10^(-6)mm^(3)/(N·m)和0.32×10^(-6)mm^(3)/(N·m)。结论2.25Cr-1Mo钢在室温大气环境下的磨损机制为分层、剥落和氧化磨损;随着温度升高到450℃,大气环境下的氧化磨损加剧,伴随着剥层和“锻造流线”;室温水环境下的磨损机制为磨粒磨损和氧化磨损;450℃液态钠环境下的磨损机制为磨粒磨损、黏着磨损和“锻造流线”,同时钠的腐蚀协同作用也加速了材料的失效。In the steam generator of a sodium-cooled fast reactor,the fretting wear occurs between the heat transfer tubes and their anti-vibration bars due to the flow of the liquid sodium.In this study,the fretting wear behaviors of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel(candidate material for heat transfer tubes in sodium-cooled fast reactors)were investigated by using a self-made multiatmosphere tangential fretting test rig.In order to simulate the actual working conditions of the heat transfer tube,a 450℃/liquid sodium environment was set.Three comparative environments,room temperature(RT)/air,RT/water,and 450℃/air,were used to comprehensively evaluate the wear behaviors of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel in different environments.The test adopts the form of tube/rod orthogonal point contact,and the test parameters are as follows:the normal load is 20 N;the frequency is 5 Hz;the displacement amplitude is 50μm;the number of cycles is 10^(5) and 2×10^(5).Before the test,the hardness of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel at RT and 450℃ was tested by a Vickers hardness tester.After the test,the three-dimensional morphology of the wear scar was measured by Bruker white light interference microscope,and the cross-sectional profile and wear volume were obtained.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)were used to analyze the micromorphology and tribo-chemical reaction of the wear scar surface and cross-sectional.Results show that the hardness of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel will decrease significantly at 450℃,and exhibits different wear properties in different environments.The 2.25Cr-1Mo steel has the worst wear resistance in liquid sodium at 450℃,while the best wear resistance in water at RT.The sodium reduces the lubricating oxide layer to metal,accelerating the wear,while the water lubricates and reduces wear.Therefore,the wear rate of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel is the largest in liquid sodium at 450℃(4.17×10^(-6)mm^(3)/(N·m))and the smallest in water at RT(0.32×10^(-6)mm^(3)/(N·m)).The wear resistance of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel in the air is affected by t

关 键 词：2.25CR-1MO钢 传热管 液态钠 不同环境 微动磨损 磨损机制 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]