被“误解”的集体脱逃——乾隆三十三年(1768)新疆昌吉遣犯事件新探  

The"Misunderstood"Collective Flight--Re-Exploring the Riot of Exiled Criminals in Changji in Xinjiang in 1768

作　　者：佟文娟 TONG Wen-juan(College of History and Culture,Bohai University,Jinzhou,Liaoning,121000)

机构地区：[1]渤海大学历史文化学院,辽宁锦州121000

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第3期106-112,共7页Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“锡伯语(满语)基础语料库建设与研究”(15ZDB110);渤海大学博士科研启动经费资助项目“清代乾嘉时期遣犯问题研究”(0523bs003);渤海大学校级一般培育科研项目“边疆治理视域下乾隆朝发遣新疆制度研究”(0522xn006)。

摘　　要：乾隆中叶,新疆纳入清朝直接统治,大批遣犯始发新疆。有清一代,遣犯的脱逃行为与发遣新疆制度相始终。其中,乾隆三十三年昌吉事件是唯一一次遣犯大规模反抗活动。汉文文献中有限的记载多有舛误。文章以清代新疆满文档案为中心,试对事件始末加以还原。In the middle period when emperor Qianlong reigned,Xinjiang was directly ruled by the Qing Dynasty,when a large number of criminals were exiled to Xinjiang.In the Qing Dynasty,the escape of exiled criminals consistently occurred when exiling criminals was practiced to Xinjiang.One example was the collective riot and flight in Changji in 1768.In the limited records in Chinese documents there are many errors.This paper,based on Manchu Archives,managed to restore the original event.

关 键 词：乾隆朝 新疆 昌吉 遣犯 满文档案 

分 类 号：K249.3[历史地理—历史学]