身份转向与郁达夫“饮酒叙事”之嬗变  

Yu Dafu’s Identity Shift and His Drinking Narrative

作　　者：高莉娜 杨国伟 GAO Li-na;YANG Guo-wei(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an,Shanxi 710061;College of Literature,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,Guangxi 530013)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710061 [2]广西师范大学文学院,广西桂林530013

出　　处：《汕头大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第12期5-14,94,共11页Journal of Shantou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“战时中国现代作家的海外书写”(2021TS080)。

摘　　要：酒、饮酒、醉酒是郁达夫文本中常见的书写内容,关于“酒”的叙述在其创作进阶的过程中则衍生出不同的面向。早在日本留学时,受抑于外来民族的欺辱和内在传统因子的强力,郁达夫在“醉酒”的佯狂和情欲的放纵中,追求“本我”的解脱和个人的自立,其小说具有现代色彩回归本体的精神诉求,却同时不可忽略其伪造颓废“文学人设”的嫌疑。归国后,遭遇国民革命的失败,郁达夫、鲁迅等在醉酒中以“零余者”的沦落人呈现出“避世”“落寞”的表象,却难掩其对现实的关切和革命的渴望。而在抗战的时代语境下,郁达夫流亡南洋,在其诗酒古文中兼具“文人”与“战士”的双重气质,同时以爱国“酒商”的身份掩护世界反法西斯同胞,以此完成自我身份的认同及民族国家的重构。在日本—中国—南洋的时空流转中,通过借酒抒情、借酒浇愁和借酒表意,郁达夫的创作立足于思想启蒙、左翼信仰与抗战救国三个维度探寻主体性,并在此过程中践行由个人解放向阶级解放乃至民族解放的现代性追求。Wine,drinking,and drunkenness are frequent motifs of Yu Dafu’s writings,and his drinking narrative has different dimensions.When studying in Japan,because of the humiliations he suffered as a foreigner and because of traditional values he inherited,Yu Dafu pursued the liberation of id and personal independence through indulging humself in drinking and sex,and his novels had a modern ontological spirituality,but at the same time,he seemed to fake a decadent literary persona.After his return to China and the failure of the National Revolution,Yu Dafu and Lu Xun disguised themselves as despondent escapists in their drunkenness,which,however,could not conceal their concern for reality and desire for revolution.In his exile in the South Seas during the anti-Japanese war,Yu Dafu combined qualities of literati and warrior in his writings,and at the same time,used his identity as a wine merchant to protect his anti-fascist compatriots,thus completing his self-identity and the reconstruction of his nation-state.In the temporal and spatial flow from Japan to China and then to the South Seas,and by means of drinking narrative,Yu Dafu explored subjectivity in three dimensions,that is,ideological enlightenment,left-wing beliefs and anti-war salvation,and advanced from personal liberation to class liberation and finally to national liberation.

关 键 词：郁达夫 饮酒叙事 主体确立 阶级解放 爱国主义 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]