文冠果油提取及润滑油制备的研究  

Extraction of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge Oil and Preparation of Lubricating Oil

作　　者：郝一男[1,2,3] 付宇佳 张永强 王喜明 颉鹏飞[4] 薛振华 Hao Yinan;Fu Yujia;Zhang Yongqiang;Wang Ximing;Xie Pengfei;Xue Zhenhua(College of Materials Science and Art Design,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhehaote 010018;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sand Shrub Resource Fibrosis and Energy Utilization,Huhehaote 010018;National Forestry Engineering Research Center for Efficient Development and Utilization of Sandy Shrub on Grassland,Huhehaote 010018;Beauty East Biofuel Group Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014000)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学材料科学与艺术设计学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古沙生灌木资源纤维化和能源化开发利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [3]国家林业草原沙生灌木高效开发利用工程技术研究中心,呼和浩特010018 [4]俏东方生物燃料集团有限公司,包头014000

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2023年第4期84-90,共7页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项(2019CG018)。

摘　　要：分别采取压榨法、索氏提取法、超声波辅助提取方法提取文冠果油,对3种方法提取的文冠果油的脂肪酸组成、含量及元素组成进行了分析,利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了3种方法提取前后的文冠果种仁粉末的微观形貌,对超声波辅助法提取的文冠果油进行了拉曼光谱(Raman)和核磁共振(NMR)分析,利用红外光谱(FTIR)对环氧化改性前后的文冠果油分子结构进行了表征,并对润滑油的运动黏度、密度和过氧化值(POV)进行了测定。研究结果表明,3种方法提取的文冠果油均含有近92%的不饱和脂肪酸和磷、锌等有益元素;超声波辅助法提取后的种仁粉末油脂分子最少,提取效果最佳;文冠果油的主要成分是甘油三酯,经环氧化改性后油中的不饱和键发生了断裂,形成了环氧基团,提高了运动黏度,当环氧化反应温度55℃,浓硫酸催化剂用量为油质量的5%,反应时间8 h时,制得的润滑油的运动黏度、密度和过氧化值均达到最大值,分别为118.5 mm^(2)/s、0.9759 g/cm^(3)、9.8901 mmol/L。Pressing method,Soxhlet extraction method and ultrasonic assisted extraction method were used respectively to extract Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil.The fatty acid composition,content and element composition of the oil extracted by the three methods were analyzed.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were used to observe the microstructure of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge powder before and after extracted by three methods,Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil extracted by ultrasonic assisted method was characterized by Raman spectra(Raman)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),molecular structure of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil before and after epoxidation was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The kinematic viscosity,density and peroxide value(POV)of lubricating oil were measured.The results indicated that the oil extracted by the three methods contained nearly 92% unsaturated fatty acids and beneficial elements,including phosphorus and zinc,etc.The oil molecules of seed kernel powder extracted by ultrasonic assisted method were the least and the extraction effect was the best.The main contents of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil was triglycerides whose unsaturated bond ruptured in oil substituted by epoxy groups after epoxidation which improved the kinematic viscosity.Under the conditions of epoxidation reaction temperature of 55℃,concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst of 5%of the oil quality and the reaction time of 8 h,the kinematic viscosity,density and POV value of the lubricating oil researched the maximum values,i.e.118.5 mm^(2)/s,0.9759 g/cm^(3)and 9.8901 mmol/L,respectively.

关 键 词：文冠果油 润滑油 环氧化改性 运动黏度 

分 类 号：TQ645.8[化学工程—精细化工]