中国优秀青年科技人才特征研究——以MIT TR35中国区获奖者为例  

Research on the Characteristics of China's Outstanding Young Scientific and Technological Talents——Take the Winners of MIT TR35 China as an Example

作　　者：宋永辉 马廷灿[1,2,3] 岳名亮 Song Yonghui;Ma Tingcan;Yue Mingliang(Wuhan Library of Chinese Academy of Science,Wuhan 430071,China;Department of Information Resources Management,School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Big Data in Science and Technology,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉文献情报中心,湖北武汉430071 [2]中国科学院大学经济与管理学院信息资源管理系,北京100190 [3]科技大数据湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2023年第5期99-109,共11页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：中国科学院战略研究与决策支持系统建设专项“青年科学家遴选、评价和培养政策研究”(GHJ-ZLZX-2021-22-2)

摘　　要：以2017-2021年《麻省理工科技评论》“35岁以下科技创新35人”中国区获奖者为研究对象,开展中国优秀青年科技人才特征研究,为国家完善青年科技人才培养模式提供参考。从基本特征、教育经历、工作经历、个人代表性科技成果4个维度构建获奖者特征指标,综合采用履历分析法与网络计量法探究获奖者成长特征与代表性科技成果分布特征。研究发现:青年科技人才和女性科学家早期成长阶段需要更具导向性的科研资助,高层次教育背景与海外培养经历是优秀青年科技人才的“摇篮”,顶尖高校/院所和经济发达地区是优秀青年科技人才选择未来职业发展的聚集地,典型青年科技人才科技成果辐射多个前沿科学领域,但不同时期中国青年科技人才代表性科技成果所属学科领域差异较大。2017-2018年获奖者代表性科技成果集中在计算机科学与技术、量子物理及生物材料领域,2019-2021年获奖者较多关注生物医学、人工智能、生物材料、量子信息等前沿科学领域。The MIT Technology Review“35 Under 35”China winners from 2017 to 2021 were used to study the characteristics of China's outstanding young scientific and technological talents and to provide a reference for the national improvement of the young scientific and technological talents training model.The study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of the winners in terms of basic characteristics,education experience,work experience,and representative scientific and technological achievements,and to explore the growth characteristics and representative scientific and technological achievements of the winners by using biographical analysis and webometrics.The study found that:young scientists and female scientists need more oriented research funding in their early growth stage;high-level education and overseas training experience are the“cradle”for outstanding young scientists;top universities/institutes and economically developed regions are the gathering places for outstanding young scientists to choose their future career development;typical young scientists scientific achievements are spread across multiple frontier sciences.The typical young science and technology talents scientific and technological achievements are in many frontier scientific fields,but the scientific and technological achievements of Chinese young science and technology talents in different periods are in different disciplines.2017—2018 winners representative scientific and technological achievements are concentrated in the fields of computer science and technology,quantum physics,and biomaterials;2019—2021 winners focus more on biomedicine,artificial intelligence,biomaterials,quantum information,and other frontier scientific fields.and other frontier science fields.

关 键 词：优秀青年科技人才 人才特征 履历分析 网络计量 

分 类 号：F061.2[经济管理—政治经济学]