露天煤矿生态重建技术研究——以黔北某露天煤矿为例  

Research On Ecological Reconstruction Technology Of Open-Pit Coal Mine--Taking An Open-Pit Coal Mine In Northern Guizhou As An Example

作　　者：杨洪森 庞航 YANG Hong-sen;PANG Hang(Geological Party,Guizhou Bureau of Geology and MineralExploration and Development,Zunyi 563000,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局106地质大队,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《贵州地质》2023年第1期49-55,共7页Guizhou Geology

摘　　要：土地资源是国家重要的自然资源,土地资源的合理开发利用有力地支持了国民经济的发展。但在闭坑的露天煤矿中,对矿山地形地貌、土地资源、生态植被等影响较大,为促进生态可持续发展,应积极采取自然恢复、辅助再生、生态重建等措施,及时对损毁区域进行生态修复,改善生态环境。实现煤炭开采扰动区域的地质环境达到稳定、损毁土地得到治理利用、生态系统功能得到恢复和提升、废弃资源得到综合利用等目标。本文以黔北某露天煤矿为例,通过采取生态重建技术该露天煤矿进行修复,恢复耕地33.6824 hm^(2),林地14.2626 hm^(2),农村道路1.3897 hm^(2),公路用地0.2718 hm^(2)。通过地貌重塑、土壤重构、植被重建等生态重建技术对矿山损毁区进行修复,以期为同类型矿山生态修复提供借鉴。Land resources are important natural resources of the country,and the rational development and utilization of land resources effectively support the development of the national economy.However,in the open-pit coal mine with closed pit,the mine topography,land resources,ecological vegetation,etc.are greatly affected.In order to promote the sustainable development of ecology,measures such as natural recovery,auxiliary regeneration,ecological reconstruction,etc.should be actively taken to timely repair the damaged area and improve the ecological environment.Achieve the objectives of stabilizing the geological environment in the disturbed area of coal mining,harnessing and utilizing the damaged land,restoring and improving the ecosystem function,and comprehensively utilizing the abandoned resources.In this paper,taking an open-pit coal mine in northern Guizhou as an example,the ecological reconstruction technology was adopted to repair the open-pit coal mine,restoring 33.6824 hm^(2)of cultivated land,14.2626 hm^(2)of forest land,1.3897 hm^(2)of rural roads,and 0.2718 hm^(2)of highway land.The damaged area of the mine is repaired by ecological reconstruction technologies such as landform reconstruction,soil reconstruction and vegetation reconstruction,with a view to providing reference for the ecological restoration of the same type of mine.

关 键 词：露天煤矿 生态重建 修复技术 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学] TD824[矿业工程—煤矿开采]