马斯洛需求层次理论视角下提升民办高校教师队伍稳定性的策略研究  

Research on Strategies to Improve the Stability of Teachers in Private Universities from the Perspective of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory

作　　者：滕一霖 马传明[2] TENG Yilin;MA Chuanming(Jilin Academy Of Educational Sciences,Changchun,Jilin 130000,China;Jilin Animation Academy,Changchun,Jilin 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省教育科学院,吉林长春130022 [2]吉林动画学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2023年第3期74-79,共6页Modern Education Science

基　　金：吉林省高等教育学会2018年度重点课题“吉林省民办高校教师流失因素实证研究——基于马斯洛需求层次理论的视角”(项目编号:JGJX2018B53);中国民办教育协会2022年度规划课题(学校发展类)“民办高校专任教师激励机制研究”(项目编号:CANFZG22094)。

摘　　要：对于民办高校而言,建设一支稳定的教师队伍是其生存之本。马斯洛需求层次理论表明,应以教师需求为突破口,通过满足较低层次需求来增强教师队伍的稳定性,同时激发教师产生较高层次需求,促进民办高校教师队伍的主动成长。调查发现,影响民办高校教师队伍稳定的因素及其排序为工资待遇、相关福利、工资制度、保障制度、职称晋升、工作强度、工作环境、归属感、管理制度、人文关怀、工作意愿、专业发展、科研氛围、职业生涯规划、文化环境、社会地位、职业地位、职前培训和聘任制度,但在性别、年龄、岗位、工作年限和学历等维度上存在着差异。基于对教师需求的分析,提出加强民办高校教师队伍稳定性的对策:落地同等地位,重构安全信任;加大人文关怀,建立教师归属认同感;强化激励投入,助力教师的自我实现;强化社会支撑,营造尊重的教师聘用氛围。As the core force for the high-quality development of colleges and universities,it is fundamental for private colleges and universities to build a stable team of teachers.Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory,with the needs of teachers as the key point,we can enhance the attractiveness of private colleges and universities and solve the problem of teacher loss.The survey found that the factors affecting the loss of teachers in private colleges and universities and their ranking were salary,related welfare,salary system,security system,professional title promotion,work intensity,working environment,sense of belonging,management system,humanistic care,work willingness,professional development,scientific research atmosphere,career planning,cultural environment,social status,professional status,pre service training and appointment system There are differences in the dimensions of working years and education.Based on the analysis of the current situation of teachers' demand,this paper puts forward the countermeasures to stabilize the construction of teachers' team in private colleges and Universities:strengthening the system construction and reconstructing the security trust;Strengthen care and care,and enhance belonging and identity;Strengthen incentive investment and help self realization;Strengthen social support and create an atmosphere of respect.

关 键 词：马斯洛需求层次理论 民办高校教师 稳定性 安全信任 人文关怀 自我实现 

分 类 号：G645[文化科学—高等教育学]